Vacation in USA

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The Internet Movie Database movies,films,movie database,actors …

January 28th, 2012

Soren, a young barn owl, is kidnapped by owls of St. Aggie’s, ostensibly an orphanage, where owlets are brainwashed into becoming soldiers. He and his new friends escape to the island of Ga’Hoole, to assist its noble, wise owls who fight the army being created by the wicked rulers of St. Aggie’s. The film is based on the first three books in the series.
Director:
Zack Snyder
Writers:
John Orloff (screenplay), Emil Stern (screenplay), and 1 more credit »
Release Date:
24 September 2010 (USA)

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The Internet Movie Database movies,films,movie database,actors …

January 28th, 2012

As the global economy teeters on the brink of disaster, a young Wall Street trader partners with disgraced former Wall Street corporate raider Gordon Gekko on a two-tiered mission: To alert the financial community to the coming doom, and to find out who was responsible for the death of the young trader’s mentor.
Director:
Oliver Stone
Writers:
Allan Loeb, Stephen Schiff, and 2 more credits »
Release Date:
24 September 2010 (USA)

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Original Tuskegee Airmen Attend Red Tails Screening

January 27th, 2012

Three of the original Tuskegee airmen attended a special screening of George Lucas’ Red Tails on Friday.

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WikiLeaks’ Founder Julian Assange Launches Television Talk Show

January 27th, 2012

Embattled WikiLeaks’ founder Julian Assange claims that he plans to launch a television talk show that will air in March.

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Surprises and Other News from the 2012 Oscar Nominations

January 27th, 2012

As usual, there were some surprises and some snubs for the 2012 Academy Awards, and 9 films were nominated for best picture.

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Demi Moore Spent a Wild Night on the Town Prior to Treatment

January 27th, 2012



Exhaustion, seemingly a common affliction but also one for which only ultra-wealthy celebrities are ever treated, has overcome Demi Moore. Whether it was the rigors of trying to keep the interest of younger ex-husband Ashton Kutcher, who is 33-years-old, or something else entirely is up in the air. What is clear, however, is that before she went into treatment for “exhaustion,” she was partying it up with her young daughter, Rumer Willis. Maybe trying to keep up with the 23-year-old is what did her in.


The 49-year-old actress went out on January 11 wearing a short black skirt and a striped sweater. Arriving at Beachers Madhouse at the Roosevelt Hotel at about 11 P.M., she was at first rather reserved, but began to heat up as the night wore on. Said one person who was at the scene that evening, “When she first arrived, she kept to herself, but she started loosening up and getting into party mode. She seemed really happy to be out with her daughter’s friends.”


It didnt appear that Moore was drinking that evening, but did seem to be enjoying the attentions of young men, especially 90210 actor Ryan Rottman. Said the same source, “She found ways to touch him all night, and at one point when he was in front of her, she was grinding on his butt. His shirt came unbuttoned, and she started tickling his bare chest playfully.” That does, indeed, sound incredibly exhausting, so perhaps that part of the mystery is solved.

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How To Get Local Movie Show Times

January 27th, 2012

Getting local movie show times has just gotten a whole lot easier thanks to the Internet sites that have this information.

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Sailing Movies List | YachtPals.com

January 28th, 2012

Sailing Movies List – Movies about Boating and Sailing

This list grew out of an experience I had several years ago while surfing nautical sites. I went to what purported to be a list of nautical movies, and there I found listed 4 or 5 documentaries, a couple of WWII submarine movies, and about a half a dozen sailing movies. Well, I own more sailing movies than that, so I thought I’d type up a list of the movies I knew about and e-mail it to this person. It just got out of hand. The list kept getting longer, friends started giving me suggestions, I started adding comments about the movies I really liked, and then Geni showed me the IMDb (Internet Movie Database). What you see here is the result.

Originally, I thought I was building a video rental guide. However, I have found that a lot of movies I’d like to see are not available, or are out of print. As a matter of fact, in the eight years I’ve been doing this list, I’ve seen a number of movies go out of print. I’ve noted this, as copies can be found at some sites that sell used movies. I’m hoping that these movies are being brought out once again on DVD. The proliferation of cable channels means that a lot of these movies get broadcast once in a while, so I’ve noted which ones are available (and which format), and the rest, well, check your local listings.

My Criteria: The movies on this list have something to do with sailing (there are two exceptions, one notable – The African Queen, the other whimsical – The Wind in the Willows), whether it be yachts or tall ships, modern or historical. I have tried to include not only the movies about sailing, but also any movie where sailing, or sailboats, play a significant role in the movie. This can be very arbitrary. For example, Geni suggested Star Trek – Generations, because of the sequence in the beginning onboard the sailing ship Enterprise. I chose not to (even though they used a real sailing ship, The Lady Washington), as this was essentially an aside, and has no real significance to the film. I have, on the other hand, included movies (some of the swashbucklers and some historical types), where there’s a minimum amount of sailing, because they’re about sailors, i.e., Columbus, Sinbad, etc.

The great thing about these old swashbucklers is that the violence is nowhere near the level of today’s films, there’s no gore, and the sex is, at most, implied. These are the kind of films you can throw in the VCR at Thanksgiving (after the games are over) when you have the little kids and Grandma in the room.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Ratings: I’ve only rated movies that I’ve seen recently enough to remember something about.

I have to explain something here, Geni has complained about my rating system being “overly generous.” I’m not trying to rate these movies the way Roger Ebert does (I’m not qualified for that), nor are they rated with all movies. These ratings only apply to how I think they rank within the genre. And let’s face it, folks, the genre isn’t that big – we don’t have several hundred sailing movies to choose from. Even with the easy standards I have for inclusion, this list looks like it’ll top out at under 200 (120 to date, with another dozen titles that I’m trying to research). So if we’re going to watch movies with any kind of sailing at all, we can’t be too picky.

***** The Classics! Classics in every sense of the word! The stories, acting, and production values would put these movies near the top of any movie list. If you’re going to own movies, these are a must. Of the 14 movies I’ve given 5 stars to, only 2 of them (The Bounty and White Squall) are not based on classic literature, or written by noteworthy authors.

**** The Great Ones. These are movies that I consider great within the genre. Once is not enough for these: the story, acting, and sailing are enjoyable enough to watch again and again.

*** The Good Ones. All these movies are worth seeing at least once, and some of them have a cult following. (Cabin Boy springs immediately to mind.) This is the category that I get the most argument about.

** The Bad Ones. Flawed, but possibly worth renting, if you can find them and happen to be bedridden for some reason. Or if you happen to be a fan of a particular actor/actress. There are a couple of movies that are included here only because there are much better versions available.

* The Ugly Ones Don’t waste your time. Seriously, folks, the movies to which I’ve given one star aren’t even bad enough to be funny. No entertainment value at all.


Caveat: The criteria for inclusion, the ratings, and my comments are all my personal opinions.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

 

SAILING MOVIES LIST

 

Adrift *

1993 Made-for-TV imitation of Dead Calm, with Kate Jackson. Very lame. It cost me $1.07 to rent this, and it was still too much.
Available VHS (out of print)
Adventure

1945 Clark Gable, Greer Garson, Joan Blondel. Womanizing sailor meets his match when he falls in love with a librarian. This was Clark Gable’s first film after being away for WWII.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

Adventures in Paradise *****

1959 – 1962 Classic TV series starring Gardner MacKay, and a schooner named the Tiki. Developed by James A. Michener from his books of the same title, and sold to 20th Century Fox. This is the only American TV show – to my knowledge – built around a sailing ship, and it is the series that started a lot of ‘boomers’ dreaming about sailing off to a life of adventure in the South Seas. It’s certainly what first attracted me to schooners, traditional sail, and wooden boats. At 12 years old I made two abortive attempts to run away to join Captain Troy in Tahiti.
Available DVD, VHS

 

 

The Adventures of Captain Fabian **

1951 Errol Flynn, Vincent Price, Agnes Moorehead. Dashing sea captain comes to the aid of a lovely lady. This is the least likable of Flynn’s four seagoing dramas, a low budget disappointment to all but the most ardent fans of Errol Flynn. This is at the opposite end of the spectrum from Captain Blood – both in terms of his career, and in entertainment value. In 1951 Flynn was up to his ears in trouble, facing statutory rape charges in the US, and his career flagging. He was living on his yacht in Europe when he conceived this project, and wrote the script, with the hope of reviving his career.
Available VHS (out of print)

The Adventures of Long John Silver

1955 (TV) Robert Newton recreates his role of Long John Silver, the pirate he portrayed in the Disney film “Treasure Island, in 26 episodes of this syndicated-for-TV series.
Available DVD, Reviewed by Blackhawk

The African Queen *****

1951 The classic Bogart – Hepburn vehicle. It’s not sailing, but it is a wonderful small-boat adventure story. Based on the novel by C.S. Forester (of Horatio Hornblower fame), written by James Agee and John Huston, directed by John Huston. Also starring Robert Morley. Oscar nominations for Best Screenplay (Agee & Huston), Best Actress (Hepburn), and Best Director (Huston). Bogart won the Oscar for Best Actor. Rated by the IMDb viewers as the 56th best movie of all time.
Available DVD, VHS, (A special edition LazerDisc was released in 1993 that included Hepburn’s book about the movie, and a printed copy of the shooting script).

1977 A made-for-TV remake, starring Warren Oates & Mariette Hartley, that is thankfully;
Not available

 

Against All Flags ****

1952 Errol Flynn, Maureen O’Hara, Anthony Quinn. Set in the 1700s, Royal Navy versus the pirate republic in Madagascar. Okay, it’s all models and sets (except for the outdoor scenes, actually shot in Madagascar), no real sailing, but at least they were pretending to sail, and it is an entertaining swashbuckler. Maureen O’Hara played one of the pirates, and did her own fencing during the sword fights. She looked as believable as Flynn or Quinn.
Available VHS (out of print)

All the Brothers Were Valiant**

1953 Robert Taylor, Stewart Granger. Sea-faring saga of two brothers and the woman they both love, involved in pearl diving and mutiny in the South Pacific islands
Available VHS (out of print) reviewed by Blackhawk

 

 

Alone Across the Pacific (1963) (suggested by YachtPals member)
True story of Kenichi Horie, an ordinary twenty-three year old who crossed the Pacific in a small yacht, a feat which no Japanese had ever accomplished.

 

Amistad ****

1997 Morgan Freeman, Anthony Hopkins, Mathew MacConaughey, Pete Postlethwaite. Directed by Steven Spielberg. Fact-based story of the 1839 revolt aboard a Spanish slave schooner, and the subsequent legal battle over the status of the slaves when the vessel took refuge in the United States. A great movie that tells this story wonderfully. There are some worthwhile sailing sequences early in the film, but this is primarily a courtroom drama, not a sea story.
Available DVD, VHS

Anne of the Indies

1951 Jean Peters, Louis Jordan, Debra Paget. A woman pirate tries to find love while maintaining command of her crew. Haven’t seen this yet but it sounds like it could be a fun movie.
Not available
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

Anything to Survive ***

1990 Made-for-TV. Based on Elmo Wortman’s book, “Almost Too Late.” A true story of a man and his three children shipwrecked while winter sailing in southeastern Alaska. Starring Robert Conrad, Matt LeBlanc, and Emily Perkins. Worthwhile catching on a late show as an example of what not to do. Particularly if you want the kids to remember you on Father’s Day.
Not available
Billy Budd

1962 Written, directed, produced by, and starring, Peter Ustinov. Also starring Terence Stamp (in the title role), Robert Ryan, and David McCallum. Based on the Herman Melville novel, the story chronicles the harsh, brutal conditions in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic wars. An Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor (Terence Stamp).
Available VHS (out of print)

The Black Pirate***

1926 Douglas Fairbanks, Billie Dove. Seeking revenge, an athletic young man joins the pirate band responsible for his father’s death. Fairbanks put a lot into this production, building ships and ship sets. There is lots of action and humor, as normal for one of Doug’s movies.
Available DVD, VHS Reviewed by Blackhawk

 

The Black Swan ****

1942 Pirate epic with Tyrone Power, Maureen O’Hara, George Sanders, Laird Cregar, and Anthony Quinn. Based on the Rafael Sabatini novel, it’s very entertaining; my boys loved it. It will seem dated in most respects, although there is a scene in the beginning where the pirate captains, Tyrone and Sanders, have some captive women tied up, that I found somewhat lascivious, and which provoked the comment from my then 13-year-old “there’s the best reason for becoming a pirate!” Appears to have been filmed with sets and models. Oscar nominations for Best Special Effects, and Best Score, winner for Best Cinematography-Color.
Available VHS


Blackbeard the Pirate

1952 Robert Newton, William Bendix and Linda Darnell. Henry Morgan vs Blackbeard.
Available VHS (out of print)

Botany Bay

1953 Alan Ladd, James Mason, directed by John Farrow. Based on the Hall and Nordhoff book.
Available VHS (out of print)

The Buccaneer

Three versions of the story of Jean Lafitte have been filmed. Interestingly, there’s quite a connection between the 1938 and 1958 versions. Cecil B. DeMille directed the ’38 version, and was executive producer for the ’58. Anthony Quinn starred in the ’38, and directed the ’58 (his only directorial effort). Both versions are based on the novel by Lyle Saxon. The ’38 screenwriters, Harold Lamb, Jeanie MacPherson, E.J. Mayer, and C.G. Sullivan are credited on the ’58 version (with the addition of B.Mosk and J. Lasskey).

1938 Directed by Cecil B. DeMille, Fredric March in the title role, with Anthony Quinn, Walter Brennan, Hugh Sothern, and Margot Grahame. Oscar nomination for Best Cinematography.
Not available

1950 The Last of the Buccaneers, with Paul Henreid as Lafitte
Not available

1958 *** Directed by Anthony Quinn; Yul Brynner as Lafitte, Charlton Heston as Andrew Jackson, with Claire Bloom, Charles Boyer, Inger Stevens, E.G. Marshall, and Lorne Greene. Oscar nomination for Best Costumes. Like the Disney version of Kidnapped, this movie baffles me. With this cast, and a true story in which a couple of rogues like Lafitte and Jackson cross paths, you’d think they would have made a rousing swashbuckler. But you’d be wrong. It’s dull, and stilted, and slow moving. And the two principal characters are portrayed as so respectable that you’d be hard-pressed to believe that Lafitte was a pirate, and that Jackson was a hot-headed, hard-drinking, gambling, duel-fighting, marriage-wrecking, frontier Indian fighter.
Available VHS (out of print)

The Buccaneers

1956 (TV) Robert Shaw, Alec Clunes, George Margo. Dan Tempest (Shaw) was a pirate until pardoned by the King. He becomes a privateer and works with the the Crown-appointed deputy governor to fight the Spanish privateers who are ravaging the Caribbean.
Available VHS (out of print) reviewed by Blackhawk
The Buccaneer’s Girl

1950 Pirate adventure/comedy. Directed by Frederic De Cordova, Yvonne De Carlo, Phillip Friend, Robert Douglas.
Not Available

 

 

Cabin Boy ***

1994 Chris Elliott, Ritch Brinkley, James Gammon. Written by Chris Elliott. I know, I know, it’s silly and it’s filmed entirely on a set, but they’re at least pretending to be sailing, and it does have some funny bits in it. It starts off as a parody of Captains Courageous, but then sails off into the land of Sinbad. My boys and I watched it one afternoon when they were home with the flu, for which this is just right. It’s developed something of a cult following.
Available DVD, VHS.

Captain Blood****

1935 Errol Flynn, Olivia de Havilland, Basil Rathbone. The movie that defined Hollywood seagoing swashbucklers! Based on the Rafael Sabatini novel, it borrows heavily from the Henry Morgan legend. The 1935 version was 119 minutes long, the 1991 reissue had 20 minutes of footage removed. The new DVD in the Errol Flynn box set has those 20 minutes restored. This was the movie that made stars out of Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland. Oscar nominations for Best Picture 1935, and Best Sound.
Available DVD, VHS

This film spawned a host of sequels.

1950 Fortunes of Captain Blood. Louis Hayward
Not available

1952 Captain Blood, Fugitive. Louis Hayward
Not available

1960 Le Capitan. A French version
Not available

1962 Son of Captain Blood. Italian version, starring Errol Flynn’s 21-year-old son Sean, as the son of Captain Blood. One of six films Sean Flynn made before turning to a career in journalism. In 1970 Flynn — a photojournalist working for Time magazine — and a friend sped off on motorbikes to cover the front lines in Cambodia, and were never seen again. It is believed that they were captured and eventually executed by communist forces, although unconfirmed sightings of Flynn were reported over the years.
Not available

 

Captains Courageous (1937) (suggested by YachtPals reader)
Harvey Cheyne (Freddie Bartholomew) is a spoiled brat used to having his own way. When a prank goes wrong onboard an ocean liner Harvey ends up overboard and nearly drowns. Fortunately he’s picked up by a fishing boat just heading out for the season. He tries to bribe the crew into returning early to collect a reward but none of them believe him. Stranded on the boat he must adapt to the ways of the fishermen and learn more about the real world. Starring Spencer Tracy, Mickey Rooney, Lionel Barrymore…

 

Captain Horatio Hornblower ****

1951 Gregory Peck in the title role, with Virginia Mayo as the love interest. Based on the novel by C.S. Forester. A very entertaining swashbuckler! If the plot seems familiar to today’s readers of Patrick O’Brian novels, it’s because both Forester and O’Brian used the real life exploits of Thomas Cochrane on which to model their heroes.
Available VHS(out of print)

 

Captain Jack ***

1999 Bob Hoskins in a pleasant little movie inspired by true events.
Available DVD

 

Captain James Cook*****

1987 Made-for-TV miniseries (Australia, shown in the US on TNT). Keith Mitchell, John Greg, Carol Drinkwater. An exceptionally well done historical miniseries that tells the story of Captain James Cook’s three voyages. Filmed on the Endeavor replica and lots of South Pacific locations (around Australia and New Zealand), it is very realistic, historically accurate (as far as I can tell) and a good story.
Not available

Captain Kidd

1945 Charles Laughton in the title role, with Randolph Scott, Barbara Britton, and John Carradine. Historically inaccurate account of Capt. Kidd. Oscar nomination for Best Score.
Available DVD, VHS

This really isn’t a sequel, but for obvious reasons I felt compelled to include it here.

1952 Abbott & Costello Meet Captain Kidd. Charles Laughton reprising his role as Capt Kidd, kidnapping Bud and Lou who are in possession of a treasure map. They manage to involve Anne Bonney and Henry Morgan.
Not available

 

Captain Ron ****

1992 Kurt Russell, Martin Short and Mary Kay Place in a funny and entertaining tale of Ozzie and Harriet meet the last pirate of the Caribbean. Lightweight, but fun. The sailing is, for the most part, genuine.
Available DVD, VHS

 

Captain Sirocco

1949 AKA I Pitari de Capri (Italian title), Pirates of Capri (the original US release title), and The Masked Pirate (UK release title) An Italian swashbuckler starring Louis Hayward. The review on IMDb calls it an entertaining “B” movie.
Available DVD
Captains Courageous

Three versions of Rudyard Kipling’s classic:

1937 ***** Spencer Tracy, Lionel Barrymore, Freddie Bartholomew, Mickey Rooney, Melvyn Douglas and John Carradine. Well-adapted from Rudyard Kipling’s great story, and well-acted, this is an excellent picture in all regards. The only negative thing I can say is that Freddie Bartholomew was too young to play Harvey Cheyne (Hollywood’s usual habit of portraying teenage characters as cute, precocious 10-year-olds). On the plus side they filmed this using real Gloucester fishing schooners, and what looked like footage of actual fisherman. There are a couple of scenes that were almost certainly shot on a set, but they did an excellent job blending them into actual footage shot on the deck and interior of the real thing. The scenes of the schooners under sail are by themselves worth the price of admission. Oscar nominations for Best Screenplay, Best Editing and Best Picture. Spencer Tracy won the Oscar for Best Actor. My boys (14 and 11 at the time) rated this right up there with Moby Dick, Sea Wolf and Treasure Island.
Available DVD, VHS

1977 Made-for-TV. Karl Malden, Fred Gwynn, Ricardo Montalban, Fritz Weaver.
Not available

1996 Made-for-TV. Robert Urich. I’ve read that Kenny Vadas did the best Harvey Cheyne of of all the versions.
Available VHS

 

 

Cassandras Dream (2007) (suggested by YachtPals member)
Woody Allen movie with a pretty little 25 footer in it. Big stars (Colin Farrell and Ewan McGregor) and pretty entertaining.

 

 

Charlie St. Cloud (2010) (suggested by YachtPals crew)

Teen idol Zac Efron stars in a movie which features small boat sailing and includes a story line about around the world yacht racing. From imdb: Charlie St. Cloud is a young man overcome by grief at the death of his younger brother. So much so that he takes a job as caretaker of the cemetery in which his brother is buried. Charlie has a special lasting bond with his brother though, as he can see him. Charlie meets up with his brother (Sam) each night to play catch and talk. Then, a girl comes into Charlie’s life and he must choose between keeping a promise he made to Sam, or going after the girl he loves.

 

Christopher Columbus

Four versions of the Christopher Columbus story:

1949 Fredric March in the title role.
Not available

1985 Made-for-TV. Gabriel Byrne as Columbus, with Faye Dunaway, Oliver Reed, Eli Wallach, and Max Von Sydow.
Available VHS (out of print)

1992 The Discovery.
One of two done for the quincentennial. Georges Corraface as Columbus, with Marlon Brando, Tom Selleck, and Rachel Ward. Nominated for six Razzie awards: Worst Remake or Sequel; Worst Screenplay (Mario Puzo); Worst Director (John Glen III); Worst New Star (George Corraface); Worst Supporting Actor (Marlon Brando) (and the winner was…Tom Selleck!). Roger Ebert memorably remarked about Brando’s acting, “He’s phoned in roles before, but this was the first time I felt like hanging up.”
Available VHS

1992 1492-The Conquest of Paradise. The story of Christopher Columbus as directed by Ridley Scott. Starring Gerard Depardieu, Armand Assante and Sigourney Weaver. Made for the quincentennial of Columbus’ voyage, this is considered to be the best of the Columbus movies.
Available DVD, VHS (DVD, VHS out of print)

 

 

The Crimson Pirate ****

1952 Burt Lancaster and Nick Cravat. Burt does a very good Errol Flynn. An enjoyable, although dated, pirate film that the kids loved. Very tongue in cheek, with a lot of beefcake, the fans of the young Lancaster will love this movie. Prior to breaking into films, Burt and Nick were an acrobatic team known as “Lang & Cravat.” They do a lot of acrobatic stunts in this movie, which added greatly to the kids’ enjoyment. This is the movie that Cutthroat Island tried to be.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

Cutthroat Island ***

1995 Geena Davis, Matthew Modine and Frank Langella. Made by Renny Harlin, the director of Die Hard (and Geena Davis’ then-husband), there’s lots of action and explosions; some not very believable ships and sailing sequences, and the coast of Thailand passing as the Caribbean. Davis has the physical size to be believable brawling and swordfighting, and Modine in his second “sailing” movie tried hard to be swashbuckling, but needed a better-written role. The only redeeming feature of this movie was Frank Langella hamming it up as the “bad” pirate. Davis reportedly has been quoted as saying “we were having so much fun, we forgot we were making a movie.” Certain age groups, raised on Die Hard and Terminator will think this is just great. My boys (10 & 13 when we saw this) did. Harlin was nominated for a Razzie for Worst Director. (The three-star rating is a composite – the kids would give it five, Geni gives it one, owing to its apparent lack of a script, and a number of quite pointless explosions.)
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

Damn the Defiant!***

1962 AKA HMS Defiant (UK title) Alec Guinness, Dirk Bogarde. An enjoyable movie that doesn’t quite accomplish it’s mission,

Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

 

Dead Calm ****

1989 Nicole Kidman, Sam Neill, Billy Zane, a gorgeous 60 ft ketch, and a dying schooner. An intense thriller that will keep you on the edge of your seat. It has only one negative, and that’s the way it ended. Other than that, it’s a great movie, skillfully directed to keep the blood pounding, even after repeated viewings. And it’s a wonderful sailing movie! Except for the first ten minutes, it takes place entirely at sea, and was in fact shot in the Whitsunday Passage in Australia. The boat handling looked real and the way the two characters handle the challenges presented them are very believable. As in The Riddle of the Sands, the difficulty of navigating under adverse conditions was utilized perfectly to heighten the tension, and to make it a more believable sailing film. This movie, in my opinion, is runner-up to White Squall and The Bounty as the best sailing movie not based on classic literature, and is sitting on the fence for that 5th star.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

 

Deep Water (2006) (suggested by YachtPals member)
Deep Water is the true story of the first solo, non-stop, round-the-world boat race, and the psychological toll it took on its competitors. The round the world sailing event attracted a field of nine, including amateur sailor Donald Crowhurst, who set out to circumnavigate the globe in late 1968. Battling treacherous seas and his own demons, Crowhurst almost immediately comes apart as he faces the isolation of nine months on the high seas. 

 

 

Desperate Journey: The Allison Wilcox story

1993 Made-for-TV. Mel Harris, John Schneider. I can find no info on this.
Not available

 

 

The Dove (1974)

1974 Based on Robin Graham’s true story of sailing alone around the world at age 15 on his 23 foot sloop named Dove. Joseph Bottoms, Deborah Raffin. Bottoms was nominated for a Golden Globe for Most Promising Newcomer.

Available VHS (out of print)

 


Down To The Sea In Ships

There are two movies with this title, both about whaling, but other than that they bear no resemblance to one another.
1922 Of note mostly as the screen debut of Clara Bow, this silent epic was shot entirely on location in New Bedford and at sea. Real footage of actual whaling was used. The DVD is available only as a part of a Clara Bow set, the VHS is available separately.
Available DVD, VHS

1949 Lionel Barrymore, Dean Stockwell, Richard Widmark. I know little of this movie, other than it’s about whaling, and reportedly a decent enough film.
Not Available (although there are people who claim to have a VHS tape)

Drake’s Venture***

1980 *** Made-for-TV miniseries (UK, shown in the US on PBS). John Thaw, Charlotte Cornwell. Sir Francis Drake circumnavigates the world in search of adventure and treasure. I don’t know where the ship used in this came from but it looks right for the period.
Not available

Eric the Viking ***

1989 Written, directed by, and starring Monty Python’s Terry Jones. Also starring Tim Robbins, John Cleese, Freddie Jones, and bit parts by Mickey Rooney, Eartha Kitt, and Tsutomu Sekine. Viking saga ala Monty Python. Very silly in spots, but surprisingly entertaining with more story than I would have thought. Monty Python fans will rate this movie a lot higher.
Available DVD, VHS (DVD, VHS out of print)
His Majesty O’Keefe

1953 Burt Lancaster. Based on a true story.
Available VHS

 

 

A High Wind in Jamaica *****

1965 Anthony Quinn and James Coburn in a tale of the last days of Caribbean piracy. An excellent movie, based on the novel by Richard Arthur Warren Hughes. To read a thoughtful, intelligent review of this movie written by Shane R. Burridge, go to A High Wind In Jamaica – Review.
Available DVD

 

Horatio Hornblower ****

1999 The four part TV adaptation of C.S. Forester’s classic Napoleanic war saga. The critics gave it mixed reviews, for which they should be flogged. Well written, superbly acted, with lots of actual sailing aboard real tall ships. Ioan Gruffydd deserves special note for his portrayal of young Hornblower as he blossoms from raw cadet into an experienced and confident naval officer. They used two actual tall ships in this production, the Grand Turk, in the role of all the frigates, but especially as Indefatigable, and the Baltic trading schooner Julia, as all the smaller vessels. They used 11 scale models for the battle scenes. These models weighed 3,000 lbs each, and had working rigging and cannons that fired by remote control.
Episode 1: The Even Chance
Episode 2: The Examination For Lieutenant
Episode 3: The Duchess and the Devil
Episode 4: The Frogs and Lobsters
2001
Episode 5: Mutiny
Episode 6: Retribution
2003
Episode 7: Loyalty
Episode 8: Duty
Available DVD, VHS

 

Hot Pursuit (1987) (suggested by YachtPals member)
John Cusack stars as Dan, a plucky-but-unlucky prep school kid whose plans to join his girlfriend, Lori, on a Caribbean cruise go haywire when he misses the flight. To catch up, he’ll have to foil pirates, drug runners and other shady islanders.

 

 

I Sailed to Tahiti With an All-Girl Crew.

1968 Yes, that really is the title. A 1968 comedy with Gardner McKay of Adventures in Paradise fame.
Not available

 

Jason and the Argonauts

1963 The film version of the legend of the golden fleece. With Todd Armstrong and Nancy Kovak. Special effects by Ray Harryhausen.
Available DVD, VHS

 

John Paul Jones

1958 Robert Stack as the short, slight, sandyhaired Scotsman? Oh well. Bette Davis, Peter Cushing and Mia Farrow. Directed by John Farrow (Mia’s father).
Available VHS

 

Kidnapped!

One of the two Robert Louis Stevenson novels that has been a perennial favorite of movie makers; nine versions have been made to date, the last three TV movies or mini series. The only version currently available appears to be the Master Piece Theater version from 2005.

1917 silent

1938 Freddie Bartholomew, John Carradine

1948 Roddy McDowell, Dan O’Herlihy

1960 *** Disney version. Peter Finch, James MacArthur, Peter O’Toole. It has an excellent cast, (although I think that MacArthur is the weak link as Balfour) and a script that stuck closely to RLS’s story, but I’ve never particularly liked this version. It seems dull, and that shouldn’t be, this is an exciting adventure story. I have a copy of this, because I got it cheap and none of the other versions are available. This should be in the classics, but in truth I can’t even give it a four star rating.
Available VHS (out of print)

1971 Michael Caine, Trevor Howard. I’ve only seen two versions of this movie, this one and the Disney version. It’s been a long time since I’ve seen this, but I have much fonder memories of this one, although that could be because I’m a big Michael Caine fan.

1978 Made-for-TV (German)

1995 Made-for-TV (USA) Armand Assante, Brian Blessed. Leonard Maltin gives this version an excellent review, citing in particular Assante’s portrayal of Beck, the newcomer playing Balfour (Brian McCardie), and the script for sticking closely to the story as RLS wrote it. This was filmed in Ireland using a British cast, and broadcast on cable tv in two parts.
Available VHS (out of print)

2005 Made for TV (Master Piece Theater)
Available DVD
The King’s Pirate

1967 Remake of Against All Flags. Doug McClure, Jill St. John.
Not available

 

 

Knife in the Water (Noz w wodzie)****

1962 Polish film, directed by Roman Polanski. An interesting pscho-drama, this was the first Polish film to be nominated for a Foreign Language Oscar. It forms part of a loose trilogy of Polanski films (with Cul-de-Sac (1966) and Death and the Maiden (1994)), based around a psychological ménage-à-trois. All three films feature a couple who’s lives are turned upside down by an outside character. In this case it’s a successful middle aged man and his younger wife picking up a young hitchhiker and taking him along on a weekend sailing trip. It’s an interesting story, well worth seeing apart from the sailing. And I loved the sailing aspect of it! Except for the first 10 minutes, and the last two, the movie takes place entirely aboard the boat. It’s a beautiful little wooden sloop, 30’-35’, sailing on some undetermined waterways (lakes, canals, possibly a river), somewhere in Poland. And the characters, like most of us, are sailing because they love it, it’s their recreation. The actors portraying the husband and wife obviously knew how to sail, and the cramped conditions aboard a weekender form an integral part of the drama.
Available DVD, VHS

 

 

The Lady From Shanghai ****

1948 Film noir. Rita Hayworth, Orson Welles, and a fateful yacht trip. An offbeat, cerebral thriller that is somewhat predictable at times. Filmed aboard Errol Flynn’s Yacht Zaca. Directed by Orson Welles.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)
Lifeboat *****

1944 An extraordinary tale of survival at sea in a small boat. Written by John Steinbeck, directed by Alfred Hitchcock, and featuring compelling character portraits by Tallulah Bankhead, William Bendix, Walter Slezak, Mary Anderson, and Hume Cronyn. Oscar nominations for Best Director (Hitchcock), Best Screenplay (Steinbeck), and Best Cinematography. Made during WWII, it’s the story of the survivors of battle between a US ship and a German U-Boat in a life boat together. An intelligent and thought provoking script by Steinbeck, great direction from Hitchcock, and noteworthy performances by Bankhead & Hume Cronyn. And some good sailing in an open boat.
Available DVD, VHS

Longitude****

2000 Made-for-TV miniseries (UK, shown in the US on A&E). Michael Gambon, Jeremy Irons. Told in two parallel stories separated by two hundred years. In the 18th century, clock-maker Harrison builds the first chronometer accurate enough to determine longitude at sea, making navigation safe and practical anywhere. In the 20th century, Gould is obsessed with restoring Harrison’s chronometer. This is a very well done production that tells a little-known story that is of very significant importance to maritime history, and thus to world history. And a good deal of it takes place at sea. I am not sure the Jeremy Irons subplot is necessary (and the series gets four stars instead of five because of that) but it is well acted and does provide some historical context.
Available DVD Reviewed by Blackhawk

The Long Ships

1963 Viking saga with Richard Widmark, Sidney Poitier.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)
Lost! ***

1986 Based on the Thomas Thompson book, the true story of what happens when you go to sea with religious fanatics.
Not available

 

 

Lucky Lady***

1975 Comedy with Burt Reynolds, Gene Hackman, Liza Minelli, Robbie Benson, John Hillerman and a yacht named Lucky Lady. Prohibition rumrunners. Reported to have been quite forgettable (although Liza was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Actress in a comedy). This movie sticks in my mind because if I remember correctly, they gave away the sailboat as a promotion for the movie (and I think Lucky Strike cigarettes had something to do with it – but I’m not positive). Anyway, I didn’t win it, and had to wait 20 more years to get a large wooden sailboat.

I saw this movie recently for the first time, broadcast on the Fox Movie Channel, and I have to say that I liked it! There was actually quite a bit of sailing in the movie, and Burt, Liza and Gene looked like they were having fun making it. It’s low comedy, predictable, and lame in a couple of spots, but it’s really very enjoyable. I’d put it somewhere on the scale between Captain Ron and Summer Rental.
Not available

 

The Man Without a Country***

1973 Made-for-TV. Cliff Robertson, Beau Bridges, Peter Strauss, Robert Ryan. A young Army officer is tried for treason after becoming involved with Aaron Burr’s conspiracy to seize the western territories of the new United States and set up his own country. At his trial, Lt. Nolan states that he wish’s never to see or hear of his country again. He is sentenced to spend the rest of his life on a ship and he will never be allowed to set foot on his country’s soil. Based on a novella by Edward Everett Hale that, at one time, was required reading for almost every American student, this TV movie features an excellent performance by Robertson and does a fine job of telling the story of a man who suffers a life-long punishment for a rash, youthful statement and, as a result, comes to love his country more than those who live in it. Nearly the entire movie takes place aboard ships but we don’t see much actual sailing. Most action takes place below decks. Available VHS (out of print) reviewed by Blackhawk

 

Master and Commander: The Far Side Of The World *****

2003 Based on the Patrick O’Brien books, Screen play and direction by Peter Weir, starring Russell Crowe as Capt. “Lucky” Jack Aubrey. The movie starts and ends with the sound of the wind, and is quite simply the best movie ever made about the age of fighting sail. They managed to make this as historically accurate as Hollywood gets, and totally immersed the audience in the experience of being on an 18th century frigate. While the naval battle sequences are quite fantastic, the film is successful because director Weir chose to build the story by getting to know the men who are locked aboard the tight quarters of a small ship and how they interact everyday. The officers and the mates are well-known by the time the final battle comes. The sound effects editing alone is incredible, and that sound team was robbed of the Oscar
Available DVD, VHS

 


The Master of Ballantrae***

1953 Errol Flynn, Robert Livesey. Robert Louis Stevenson’s historical tale of a minor Highland lord who fights for Bonnie Prince Charles’ losing cause and becomes a fugitive from the British. His travels lead to the Caribbean where he becomes a pirate till he accumulates enough loot to go home to Scotland and claim his true love. Not the best of Flynn’s pirate movies but enjoyable and Livesey is fine as “Colonel” Burke.
Available DVD Reviewed by Blackhawk

 

Message in a Bottle ****

1999 An excellent, thoroughly enjoyable movie, it amazes me that this did not do better at the box office. Kevin Costner, Paul Newman, and Robin Wright Penn all gave strong performances in this very touching love story, which is nowhere near as sappy as some reviewers would have you believe. The boats and sailing sequences are a joy! I highly recommend this movie.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Midnight Crossing **

1988 Faye Dunaway, Daniel J. Travanti, Kim Cattrall, John Laughlin, and Ned Beatty. An attempt at film noir that failed. The sailboat’s nice, and a lot of the movie is filmed on and around the boat, and Kim Cattrall’s assets are nicely displayed at every opportunity, but there are so many plot twists that they get boring. It’ll do if nothing else is available, just don’t expect it to keep you on the edge of your seat like Dead Calm.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Moby Dick

Three versions of the Melville classic have been filmed.

1930 John Barrymore as Captain Ahab. I’ve never seen this, but I’ve yet to read a favorable comment from those who have. Evidently some scriptwriter was under the mistaken impression that he could write a better story than Melville, as they made major changes to the story.
Not available

1956 ***** Gregory Peck as Captain Ahab, with Orson Welles, Harry Andrews, and Richard Basehart. Screenplay by Ray Bradbury and John Huston. Directed by John Huston. The movie is faithful to Melville’s story, and much of it was shot aboard an actual ship, and in small whaleboats. It appeared as though footage of actual whaling was used in some of the sequences (this was, after all, 1956), and where models were used, it’s not obvious, except for the rubber white whale. Gregory Peck was superb as Ahab, although he reportedly thought himself too young for the role.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1998 ** Made-for-TV. Starring Patrick Stewart, with Gregory Peck in a supporting role. Directed by Franc Roddam, who also had a hand in writing the script and producing this. All of which proves that Franc Roddam is no John Huston. For me personally, this was one of the most anxiously awaited, and ultimately disappointing films I can remember. And to spoil it even more for me, shortly before this was broadcast, I read an article that detailed how this was filmed entirely on a set. They constructed a giant tank, and built a “ship” on it. Bah, humbug! A waste of some great actors and a wonderful story.
Available DVD, VHS (DVD, VHS out of print)

 

 

Morning Light

Disney’s Sailing Movie Morning Light!

CHECK OUT THE ARTICLE (with YachtPals exclusive photos of Roy Disney at the showing):

Morning Light – Roy Disney and his Sailing Movie

 

Mutiny

1952 ** Mark Stevens, Angela Lansbury, Patric Knowles. Early in the War of 1812, Captain James Marshall is commissioned to run the British blockade and fetch an unofficial war loan from France. When the crew learn the ship is carrying 10 million dollars in gold, it’s not hard for the evil, conniving Angela Lansbury to whip them into a mutiny. It’s a decent sea story but mostly watch to see a young, attractive Lansbury chewing up the screen.
Available DVD, VHS (curiously, the DVD is OOP but the VHS is still available)
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

Mutiny on the Bounty

I have found four versions of Mutiny on the Bounty. Again, I’ll list them by the year:

1933 In the Wake of the Bounty. All I know about this one is that Errol Flynn played Fletcher Christian. According to Flynn’s autobiography, he was working as a schooner captain/goldminer/conman in New Guinea, when he took a movie producer on a charter up the Sepik river to film background. During the course of the trip, Flynn told the producer, Joel Schwartz, that he was a descendant of one of the Bounty mutineers (Midshipman Young). This, according to Flynn, was the reason Schwartz gave him this role, Flynn’s first attempt at acting. Flynn was paid fifty pounds, plus expenses to and from Tahiti.
*Note: I’ve had readers question the truthfulness of this account. And given Flynn’s penchant for hyperbolic self-promotion, I wouldn’t doubt that Flynn may have stretched the truth a tad.
Not Available

1935 Starred Charles Laughton as Bligh, Clark Gable as Fletcher Christian, and Franchot Tone. I’ve only seen bits and pieces of this one. Oscar nominations for Best Score, Best Screenplay, Best Director and the Oscar winner for Best Picture. Laughton, Gable and Tone were all nominated for Best Actor, which Tone won.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1963 Starred Marlon Brando as Fletcher Christian, Trevor Howard as Bligh, and Richard Harris. Following in the footsteps of the ’35 version, this was also nominated for 7 Academy awards, Best Picture, Best Art Director, Best Special Effects, Best Score, Best Song, Best Editing, and Best Cinematography.
Available VHS (out of print)

1984 The Bounty ***** The 4th version was made in 1984 and starred Anthony Hopkins as Bligh, Mel Gibson as Fletcher Christian, Sir Laurence Olivier as Admiral Hood, and Daniel Day-Lewis and Liam Neeson in strong supporting roles. Considered by most critics to be revisionist, as it does not follow the popular American line on Bligh, it actually comes quite close to the truth in capturing the personalities of the two principals, and their complex relationship. The three previous movies about this historical incident are based on the Hall and Nordhoff books Mutiny on the Bounty, while this movie was based on Richard Hough’s book Captain Bligh and Mr. Christian. Hopkins, Gibson, Day-Lewis, and Neeson were superb. I highly recommend this.
Available DVD, VHS.

 

Mysterious Island

2005 Made-for-TV miniseries. Kyle MacLachlan, Danielle Calvert, Gabrielle Anwar, Patrick Stewart, Jason Durr, Omar Gooding. A considerably darker take on Jules Verne’s novel than the 1961 movie that featured Ray Harryhausen’s special effects, this version makes the pirates much more significant characters than either the novel or the earlier movie. The pirates actually have names and individual personalities and more lines than a simple “aaargh”. Several lengthy scenes are shot on a Chinese junk, the pirates’ ship which is appropriate since, apparently, the mysterious island is right off the coast of Thailand.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

Nate and Hayes ***

1983 The British title was Savage Islands. Starred Tommy Lee Jones and Michael O’Keefe in the title roles. An attempt at a “buddy” movie, involving two guys, a girl (Americans), a schooner, the Philippines and Solomon Islands, blackbirders, and German and Spanish colonials. Ain’t much, but if you don’t have kids, it’s better than Cutthroat Island. Historically inaccurate, as Bully Hayes, in reality the sort that gave pirates and slavers a bad name, is portrayed here as one of the good guys.
Available VHS (out of print)

The Navigator

1924 Buster Keaton, Kathryn McGuire. A rich, rather naïve young man is set adrift aboard a large, derelict sailing ship, unaware that his estranged true love is also aboard.
They manage to miss each other in comic ways but are finally joined and must work together to survive storms and attacks by cannibals.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

The Norseman

1978 Viking saga with Lee Majors.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

The Odyssey

1996 Big budget TV miniseries. Armande Assante, Greta Scacchi, Geraldine Chaplin, Christopher Lee, Irene Pappas, Bernadette Peters, Eric Roberts, Isabella Rosselini, Vanessa Williams. I have not seen this yet, although my boys watched it, and the 14-year-old gave it very high marks. A Golden Globe and an Emmy nomination for Best Mini Series; Emmys for Best Special Effects, Best Direction; Assante won a Golden Globe for Best Actor.
Available DVD, VHS (DVD, VHS out of print)

Old Ironsides****

1926 Charles Farrell, George Bancroft, Wallace Beery, Esther Ralston. Several sailors and a damsel in distress are involved in defeat of the Barbary pirates in Tripoli. Most of this movie takes place on several ships, a merchant bark, a large square-rigger made up into a very convincing stand-in for the U.S.S. Constitution, and a smaller craft used for Stephen Decatur’s famous Intrepid. There are some amazing shots of “Old Ironsides” sailing with her flotilla of smaller warships and they are all real (ships anyway, if not warships). It will break the heart of any ship-lover, though, to see an actual tall ship sunk to portray the sinking of the Tripolitan frigate. The story is a fairly standard love story set against a war but it is told briskly. The young leads are attractive and appealing and Bancroft and Beery provide plenty of comic action to keep it light. Well worth viewing by any fan of sail or silent film.
Available VHS (out of print)
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

The Old Man and the Sea

1958 ***** Hemingway’s classic tale of the sea, wonderfully done for the big screen. Oscar nominations for Best Cinematography and Best Actor (Tracy), Oscar winner for Best Score.
Available DVD, VHS

1990 Made-for-TV (UK) remake with Anthony Quinn.
Available DVD, VHS

1999 Animated short. A joint Russian/Canadian film shot in Imax format. The film won practically every award for best animated short film that year, including the Oscar. Reviewers have described it as “stunning”.
Not available (it was only shown in Imax theaters)

 

The Onedin Line ****

1971 TV series. Peter Gilmore, Tom Adams, Jessica Benton, Jane Seymour. A British series about rival ship lines in the 1860’s that has been described as “one third sea adventure and two thirds high-class Victorian soap opera.” The series does an excellent job of combining the Upstairs, Downstairs sort of drama with a substantial dose of believable nautical action, most of it filmed aboard several tall ships with a few early steamships thrown in to reflect how maritime technology was changing in that period. One episode even involves James Onedin running the Union blockade of a Confederate port to make an enormous profit on his cargo. Highly recommended.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

 

Open Waters 2 (2006) (suggested by YachtPals member)
A weekend cruise on a luxurious sailing yacht goes horribly wrong for a group of old high-school friends. They forget to let the ladder down before they jump into the ocean for a swim. The boat proves impossible to climb. They are stuck in the water many miles from shore, with baby Sara left alone on board. Sara’s mother Amy must contend with her aqua-phobia as well as the group’s increasing desperation, as the friends begin to turn on each other. Soon the exhaustion of keeping afloat and the struggle to get back on board begin to take a terrible toll. The happy reunion turns into a fight for survival…

 

Pirates

1986 Written and directed by Roman Polanski, starring Walter Matthau and a bunch of Europeans. Comedy about pirates that was a box office flop, panned by the critics. Although it did get an Oscar nomination for Best Costume Design. They reportedly spent half of their $30 million budget on building the ship.
Available VHS (out of print)

Pirate of the Black Hawk

1958 Gérard Landry,Mijanou Bardot. When pirates kill the former ruler of Montefore, his daughter seeks help from Captain Richard of the Black Hawk.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

Pirates Of The Caribbean: The Curse Of The Black Pearl ****

Johnny Depp, Orlando Bloom, Keira Knightley, and Jeffrey Rush, in Disneys live action spectacule based on their 50 year old ride. Silly, but a lot of fun. The stars, (especially Depp) appeared to be having a lot of fun with this. Not a whole lot of real sailing going on, although they did use some real period ships.
Available DVD, VHS

Pirates of Tortuga

1961 Ken Scott, Letícia Román. At the commission of England’s King Charles II, Captain Bart goes undercover among pirates in order to thwart their notorious leader, Henry Morgan. Fun in a strictly turn your brain off, eat some popcorn kind of way. Not painful to watch but at the low end of the spectrum of pirate movies.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

 

Plymouth Adventure (1952) (suggested by YachtPals member)
Nautical movie with Spencer Tracy

Reap the Wild Wind ***

1942 John Wayne, Ray Milland, Paulette Goddard, Raymond Massey, Robert Preston, Susan Hayward, Charles Bickford. The adventures of 1840s Key West salvagers. Oscar nominations for Best Art Director, Best Cinematography, and the Oscar winner for Best Special Effects.
Available DVD, VHS

 

 

Riddle of the Sands *****

1979 Simply the all-time best small-boat sailing/adventure movie! The movie manages to capture the spirit and ambiance of Erskine Childers’ 1903 novel, and, with the exception of deleting the Baltic sequences, and the character of Capt. Bartels, remained remarkably faithful to the book. Simon MacCorkindale and Michael York are perfect as Davies and Carruthers, and are well supported by a superb cast, including Jenny Agutter, Jurgen Andersen, and Alan Badel. All the elements that made the book a classic are here. A must-see for all sailors.
Available VHS (out of print)

Sail To Glory

1967 *** Robert Stack (narrator). In 1851, a New York schooner-yacht named America defeated a fleet of British yachts and won the coveted trophy that became the America’s Cup. This 1967 dramatization, filmed with an exact replica of America and a company of actors, brings that stunning victory to life.
Not available
Info and review by Blackhawk

Saps at Sea

1940 Laurel and Hardy comedy. The two take a long sea voyage to calm Oliver’s nerves, but of course things don’t work out the way Oliver would like them to.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

The Sailor from Gibraltar

1967 English psychodrama. Jeanne Moreau, Orson Welles, Venessa Redgrave, Ian Bannon and John Hurt sailing around the Mediterranean.
Not Available

 

 

The Sea Hawk

1940 ****Errol Flynn, Brenda Marshall, Claude Rains, Donald Crisp, and Alan Hale, Sr. This picture was based on Sir Francis Drake, and the English “seadogs.” While the movie plays fast and loose with the details of history, it is an entertaining swashbuckler. The movie covers the early “seadog” years, and ends just as preparations are being made to meet the Spanish Armada. This was kind of a disappointing place to end an otherwise very likable movie. Oscar nominations for Best Art Direction, Best Special Effects, Best Score and Best Sound.
Available DVD ,VHS, original blk & wht, and colorized version

1924 *** (silent) Milton Sills, Enid Bennet, Lloyd Hughes, Wallace MacDonald. The adventures of Oliver Tressilian, who goes from English gentry to galley slave to captain of a Moorish fighting ship, is a more faithful adaptation of the Rafael Sabatini novel than the 1940 Errol Flynn movie of the same name. The rousing sea battles were done with full-sized ships, not models, creating a sense of reality and providing stock footage for other movies for years.
Not available
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

Sea Devils

1953 Rock Hudson, Yvonne de Carlo. Based on Victor Hugo’s novel Toilers of the Sea, a tale of Channel Island smugglers during the Napoleonic wars.
Available VHS (out of print)
The Sea Gypsies ***

1978 Robert Logan. A man and his three children set off to sail around the world, and are shipwrecked along with a female journalist on an Aleutian island. Good family fare.
Available VHS

Sea Warriors: The Royal Navy in the Age of Sail

2004 *** Captain Richard Woodman (host). This is not a work of fiction but it is a documentary specifically designed to serve as a companion to the works of C.S. Forester, Patrick O’Brian, Alexander Kent, et al. It explores what life was like in the King’s navy during the Napoleonic Wars from the Captain to the pressed man, gunner to cook, through interviews with historians and world-renowned authors and recreations of shipboard life on the frigate, H.M.S. Trincomalee.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

Sea Wolf

At least eight versions of the Jack London classic:

1911 Silent

1920 Silent

1926 Silent

1930 First talking version

I have no other info on the above, except that they’re all Not available.

1941 Sea Wolf ** Edward G. Robinson as Wolf Larson, Alexander Knox as Humphries; with Ida Lupino and John Garfield. I didn’t like this version, and I’m not sure why, except that to me they made the story seem contrived, and the whole thing looked like it was shot on sets. And since they got the Oscar for Best Special Effects, I’m probably right.
Not available (VHS out of print)

1958 Wolf Larson. Barry Sullivan, Peter Graves. Maltin reports this as “nicely done…Sullivan effective as the tyrannical skipper.”
Unavailable

1993 Sea Wolf ***** Charles Bronson as Wolf Larson, Christopher Reeve as Humphries, Catherine Mary Stewart, and the schooner Zodiac. Excellent adaptation of Jack London’s story, well acted, and even the interior shots were filmed aboard the Zodiac.
Available VHS (out of print)
German language DVD available

1997 Sea Wolf. An ‘updated’ remake with Stacy Keach.
Available VHS

 

Seven Seas to Calais

1962 (original title: Il Dominatore dei sette mari). Rod Taylor. Sir Francis Drake goes on an expedition to the New World and steals gold from the Spaniards. An Italian movie made at about the same level as the Hercules movies. Uses real ships but they are clumsily disguised North African sailing vessels and bear only a vague resemblance to English galleons.
Not available
info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

Shipwrecked ****

1990 A coming of age movie made in Europe. Shipwrecks, pirates and treasure, it has all the elements of a good adventure story., and some excellent ships and sailing to go with it. The kids really enjoyed this. Made in Norway, the European title is Haarkon Haarkonson.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

The Skipper **

1990 AKA Kill Cruise and The Storm. Jurgen Prochnow, Elizabeth Hurley, and Patsy Kensit. Another failed “Dead Calm”. Two disreputable, and desperate, young British women, stranded in Gibraltar, con a drunken, washed up German yachtsman into taking them to Barbados. Three damaged individuals on a small boat for a four week journey, with a lot of sexual tension thrown in, makes for a good start. Add in some wonderful locations, (Gibraltar and the Mediterranean near Malta), a beautiful boat, some wonderful sailing and all that was lacking was a script. The actions of the protagonists were unexplained and incomprehensible; the characters were one dimensional and for the most part unsympathetic. Elizabeth Hurley’s character was the most likeable, but was underutilized. The ending was abrupt and had little to do with the story up to that point, it seemed to be thrown in mostly for surprise value, and because they didn’t have a clear idea on how to end the situation they’d created. A very annoying movie.

Available DVD, VHS

 

Sinbad Movies

1947 Sinbad the Sailor. Douglas Fairbanks, Jr, with Maureen O’Hara and Anthony Quinn. Sinbad after the treasure of Alexander the Great, pursued by evil sorcerers and monsters.
Available VHS

1958 7th Voyage of Sinbad. Kerwin Mathews. Sinbad after the magic lamp, pursued by evil sorcerers and monsters. Special effects by Ray Harryhausen.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1974 Golden Voyage of Sinbad. John Phillip Law. Sinbad after the secret of the golden map, pursued by evil sorcerers and monsters. Written, produced and special effects by Ray Harryhausen.
Available DVD, VHS

1977 Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger. Patrick Wayne (son of the Duke), with Jane Seymour. Sinbad delivering a bewitched prince, pursued by an evil witch, and monsters. Written, produced, and special effects by Ray Harryhausen.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

Special Note: There is a boxed set of DVDs available that contain the three Ray Harryhausen Sinbad movies, 7th Voyage of Sinbad, Golden Voyage of Sinbad, and Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger. Includes: interviews with Harryhausen; original drawings and photos; footage of Harryhausen’s Academy Award in 1991; exclusive notes from Harryhausen; and all three trailers.

 

Souls at Sea ***

1937 Gary Cooper, George Raft, Harry Carey Sr., Francis Dee. An interesting story of the effort to put an end to the slave trade in 1842. Excellent performances from Gary Cooper and George Raft, who make a fine team. The movie evokes the period it’s set in, and deals with a serious, complex issue without being preachy, or dragging in 20th century mores. And it’s obvious that a couple of tall ships were used in this picture, as some of the sailing and deck scenes are wonderful. Oscar nominations for Best Art Director, Best Score, and Best Assistant Director.
Available VHS
The Spanish Main

1945 Maureen O’Hara, Paul Henreid, Walter Slezak, and Binnie Barnes as Anne Bonney. Oscar nomination for Best Cinematography.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

 

Summer Rental ***

1985 John Candy, Rip Torn, Richard Crenna, directed by Carl Reiner. John Candy takes his family on vacation, falls into a feud with a snobbish yachtsman (Crenna) and seeks the help of a local boatbum/ curmudgeon (Torn) in a yacht race to regain his pride and the respect of his family. It’s not bad, but definitely a cut below Captain Ron (unless you’re a big John Candy fan).
Available DVD, VHS

 

Survive the Savage Sea ***

1992 TV movie starring Robert Urich and Ali MacGraw. Based on Dougal Robertson’s book, which told the true story of his family’s ordeal off the coast of Central America in 1972. It’s a good picture, and tells a harrowing story, but I’ve had a hard time liking it. It’s just so irritating to me that Hollywood will take an exciting, true story, with an emotional and enlightening moral ending, and make so damn many changes to it.
Not available

 

Swashbuckler

1976 **1/2 Robert Shaw, James Earl Jones. Practically a nonstop brawl between pirates and anybody who gets in their path, this lighthearted, high-energy 1976 movie set in 18th century Jamaica is short on an actual story but thick with stunts and swordplay. It uses a real ship but one that is from a much earlier period than that in which the story is set (I think it may be the same ship used in Drake’s Venture).
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

 

Swiss Family Robinson

There have been five movies,(with one more in production as of 2006) and seven TV series (or movies) adapted from Johann Wyss’ tale of shipwrecked colonists, forced to survive on a tropical island, while defending themselves from pirates. I read the book a loooong time ago, longer than I care to think about, so I’m uncertain as to how well any of the versions follow the book. The only film version I’ve seen is Disney’s, and the last time I saw that was about 10 years ago.

1903 Silent
Not Available

1939 UK. IMDb lists this has a TV production. Which only proves there are so many versions, no one can keep them straight.
Not Available

1940 To quote Maltin “…excellent adaptation of Wyss’ book… impressive special effects… strong perfomances, and much darker elements than the Disney version.” Freddie Bartholomew starred in this version. He was also in the 1937 version of Captains Courageous, and the ’38 version of Kidnapped.
Not available

1958 TV movie starring Patty Duke
Not available

1960 **** The Disney version. John Mills, Dorothy McGuire, James MacArthur, Tommy Kirk, Kevin Corcoran. Great escapist fun, I’ve yet to know a kid that watched this and didn’t like it. A swashbuckler for kids. (Tommy Kirk and Kevin Corcoran also played brothers in the Disney movie Old Yeller.)
Available DVD, VHS

1973 TV. Animated short
Not available

1975 TV series with Martin Milner (of Adam 12 fame) and Helen Hunt.
Not available

1976 Canadian TV series
Not available

1998 David Carradine, Jane Seymour, James Keach. Evidently an “updated” version, as the review I read talked about machine gun toting pirates. It also mentioned “drunken script writers”.
Available DVD, VHS

1998 TV series starring Richard Thomas (John boy Walton). In this version the “Swiss” family is from Boston.
Available DVD, VHS (all 30 episodes)

2000 TV movie. They list Will Rogers, Jr as being in this production, which can only mean it was ‘in the can’ for a long time, as WR,Jr committed suicide in 1993.
Not available

2002 AKA Stranded A US TV version without even a “B” list star. In this version the “Swiss” family is English.
Available DVD, VHS

 

 

 

Top Sailing (1980) (suggested by YachtPals member)
IMDB Plot summary: Michael and his son Richard Bentine meet up with the Pebble Mill host Donny MacLeod and cartoonist Mike Peyton for some fine sailing and reminiscences amongst the creeks of the Suffolk coast. The voyage in the 26-foot cutter Kylix II of Maldon, designed by Maurice Griffiths, commences at Gashouse Creek in Harwich. Sailing tips and wartime anecdotes pepper the cruise as the companions take in the Stour, Deben and Orwell rivers. The culmination brings them face to face with the famous Thames sailing barge race starting from Pinmill and leading in a majestic procession to the sea-bound Medusa buoy and the setting sun. Michael picks out one graceful vessel, evocatively named ‘Reminder’, and muses “It is a reminder, it is a reminder of the ethos of Britain: it’s something that we’re in real danger of loosing, I think. It would be a tragedy if we did.” A grand and stunning sight. 

 

 

Treasure Island

There are at least 13 film versions of Treasure Island (3 silent, 6 foreign, and 4 English-language) not counting the Muppets version, the animated versions, and the derivatives (Return to Treasure Island, Charlie Chan at Treasure Island, etc., etc.). I’ve listed them by date, and given what I know about each:

1912 Silent

1918 Silent

1920 Silent, starring Lon Chaney

1934 *** First talking version., starred Wallace Beery as Long John Silver; Jackie Cooper as Jim Hawkins, and Lionel Barrymore as Billy Bones. Considered by many to be the definitive Treasure Island. I saw this a as kid, but that was a long time ago. The rating is based on its reputation, as I remember little of it. Jackie Cooper was much too young to play Jim Hawkins at the time, however.
Available VHS

1950 ** Walt Disney’s first completely live action feature. I hate this version, it’s too cutesy by a long sea mile. Bobby Driscoll as Jim Hawkins is too young, and I could get better acting from my boys by telling them they had to wear ties and take math tests every day. I tried to show this to my sons (ages 10 and 13 at the time), we got to the departure of the Hispaniola, and they demanded we switch to the videotape of the 1990 version (which they have seen several times, and which is a family favorite). Aside from the complaints about Driscoll, it was generally agreed that the pirates were too nice, the Squire too simpering, Smollet too old and fat, and the ship models too obvious. And to top it off, they changed the ending. Does it ever occur to screen writers and directors that there’s a reason a piece of literature has endured as a timeless classic? My 13-year-old’s comment was, “the Muppets did a better job!”
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1972 *** Made in Europe, starred Orson Welles as Long John. I’ve seen this one (a long time ago), and I remember being favorably impressed, although they make the same mistake that Disney makes with Jim Hawkins – they portray him far too young and cute. A European version made with a slightly different crew was released in 1972 as Die Schatzinsel (which does not appear to be available). The films feature different footage, though the story and cast are the same.
Available on VHS

1990 ***** This version was done by TBS, and was a labor of love for Charlton Heston and his son Fraser. It shows. The Hestons and TBS took the best adventure story ever written, and did justice to it. The score (by the Chieftains) is original, appropriate, and delightful, and worth having by itself. The movie was filmed in England and the Caribbean; the small boats were actually period wooden boats, superbly handled; they used a real sailing ship (the Bounty from the ’63 version) for the Hispaniola. Fraser Heston wrote the screenplay, directed, and produced it, and he stuck to the story the way Robert Louis Stevenson wrote it, especially in the portrayal of Jim Hawkins as a teenager coming of age. I cannot think of a movie that was better cast – or better acted – than this one. Oliver Reed as Billy Bones, Christopher Lee as Blind Pew, Pete Postlethwaite as George Merry, Richard Johnson as Squire Trelawny, Clive Wood as Captain Smollet, Julian Glover as the Doctor, Christian Bale as Jim Hawkins, and of course Charlton Heston incomparable as Long John Silver. Very highly recommended for all ages.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

 

Triangle (2010) (suggested by YachtPals member)
Triangle is a sailing movie about a group of people who go out for a sail, and things go horribly wrong. Though this at first appears to be a formula thriller film, it actually gets much deeper into timelines. 

 

 

Twilight for the Gods ****

1958 Rock Hudson, Cyd Charisse. I caught a bit of this movie once on A&E, and it looked interesting. I have the Ernest K. Gann novel it’s based on (an excellent story about the twilight of commercial sail), but I can’t find a tape of it. The rating is based on what little I saw, and the fact that they seemed to be following Gann’s story faithfully.

This was a real moneymaker for Gann. In his autobiography, Gann relates that the studio bought the movie rights from him, paid him to write the script, chartered his brigantine Albatross to use in the movie, and then paid him to captain it – every sailor’s dream! This is the same Albatross that sank in the Gulf of Mexico in 1964 (after Gann sold her). The movie White Squall is based on that incident.
Not available

 

 

Two Years Before the Mast **

1946 Alan Ladd, Brian Donlevy, and William Bendix in the film of Richard Henry Dana’s true story. The last time I saw this was on TV over 25 years ago. I remember it as being pretty good, but I’ve gotten unfavorable comments from several people, and the description of the plot on the IMDb leads me to believe that they severely altered what Dana wrote.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

The Vikings

1958 Viking saga with Kirk Douglas, Tony Curtis, Ernest Borgnine, Janet Leigh.
Available DVD, VHS

 

Violets are Blue ****

1986 Sissy Spacek, Kevin Kline, Bonnie Bedelia. An endearing and well-crafted love story set in a small town on Maryland’s eastern shore. This movie has some excellent small boat sailing sequences, including a pretty exciting Hobie cat race. Sissy Spacek is portrayed as a competent sailor, with sailing as an important element in both the plot and in the relationships between the characters. This movie is particularly appealing to me because the characters approach sailing the way most of us do; it’s their recreation, it’s what they do for fun.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

 

Visitors

An Aussie film, lady sailor attempting to single-hand around the world becomes becalmed and experiences a number of visitors … hallucinations? The sailing aspects are realistic and will satifisfy blue water sailors. Sailors should understand more about this movie then the normal movie viewer. Seems like you really have to look for clues as to what’s going on. (availble on DVD)

 

 

Voyage ****

1993 Made-for-TV movie with Rutger Hauer, Karen Allen, Eric Roberts. Another imitation of Dead Calm, this one is more successful than the others. I’ll give you the negatives first. It’s predictable, the bad guys are very one dimensional, and, like Dead Calm, there’s a point where you’ll be screaming at the screen, ranting for a modicum of common sense from the lead character. On the other hand, the lead characters have a lot more depth, and Rutger Hauer and Karen Allen portray a couple approaching middle age, with all the associated health and emotional problems, quite well. They’re attractive without being blow-dried pretty. Despite its predictability (and one or two jarring flights from common sense), the story is actually pretty good, and it takes place mostly on the sailboat. The story line takes the boat and crew from Monaco to Malta in a series of short hops down the Italian coast, making good use of some beautiful coast (Corsica and Sardinia), and good sailing. And the boat is utterly gorgeous; a sixty foot Chebec ketch named Charlie the Bird. All the deck scenes were done on the boat, most of the interior scenes looked like the real thing, and the sailing sequences are worth renting the movie for.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

Wackiest Ship in the Army ***

1960 Comedy with Jack Lemmon and Ricky Nelson. This movie is actually much better than the title would lead one to believe. Set in 1943, the allies plan to use an old trading schooner to set an Australian coast watcher on the shores of New Britain. Jack Lemmon is conned into taking command of the old sailing vessel, crewed by a bunch of swabs who don’t know a gaff from a boom. He has to get this vessel from Sydney, Australia to Port Moresby, New Guinea and then to the Bismarck Sea. That’s about it for a plot. What makes this movie work is that they don’t overdo the bumbling crew routine, they didn’t play WWII as some kind of joke (the role the Australian coast watchers played in the war effort, and the dangers they faced are some of the film’s more serious moments), and they did a lot of filming onboard the schooner; there’s a surprising amount of sailing in this movie. And of course Jack Lemmon played his role to perfection, as he always does. I found it thoroughly delightful.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Wake of the Red Witch ****

1948 John Wayne and Gail Russell in the film adaptation of Garland Roark’s intense and dark novel. Very well done for the period, with authentic-looking sailing and good acting. The second of John Wayne’s two sailing movies. Interestingly, John Wayne used the name of the fictional shipping company from this movie (Batjac) as the name for his production company.
Available DVD, VHS

 

Waterworld ***

1995 Okay, it’s flawed but hey, Kevin Costner as the sailor of the future, versus Dennis Hopper as the evil stinkpotter, that works for me. Oscar nomination for Best Sound. Razzie nominations for Worst Picture, Worst Actor (Costner), Worst Director (Kevin Reynolds – with an assist to Costner) and Worst Supporting Actor (Hopper). Picky picky picky! This movie is actually pretty entertaining, if you think of it as “Mad Max goes to sea”.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

White Squall *****

1996 A modern story of tall ship sailing, directed by Ridley Scott and starring Jeff Bridges. Based on a true story, this is the best sailing movie not based on a classic novel, and ranks as one of the best sailing movies ever made. The story, sailing, and acting are all excellent.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Wind ****

1992 Lightweight, but enjoyable. The fictionalized story of the ’87 America’s Cup. Preferable to the real thing since Matthew Modine and Jennifer Grey are better-looking and far more likable than Dennis Conner. With the exception of one small scene, all the sailing was filmed on the water, using real twelve meters. For the crews, they recruited real sailors, and taught the stars to sail. This, of course, made for some very believable sailing scenes, which made up for a rather unbelievable story. Grey reportedly became an enthusiastic sailor, and bought herself a sailboat.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Wind in the Willows

How could I not include the film versions of Kenneth Grahame’s delightful fairy tale? There are three animated versions, and one “live”. The three animated versions all get at least four stars. I’ll reserve judgement on the live version until I see it.

1949 Disney.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1983 Made-for-TV (UK). This one is animation/stop motion
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

1987 Made-for-TV (US). This is the only version I’ve seen as an adult. I have favorable memories of it, however it got the lowest ratings of the four versions from the IMDb.
Available VHS

1996 Live action. Monty Python does a classic fairy tale. Written, directed by and starring Terry Jones (as Toad), with Eric Idle (Rat), Steve Coogan (Mole), Nicol Williamson (Badger) and John Cleese (Toad’s lawyer). I was unsure about including this version here, as the plot summary I chanced to read didn’t sound like it had much in common with the book.
Available DVD, VHS (VHS out of print)

 

Windjammer

1937 George O’Brien, Constance Worth. A lawyer is shanghaied on a voyage across the Pacific aboard a large sailing yacht and must rescue a beautiful blonde from sinister gun-runners when their yacht is wrecked by the gun-runners windjammer.
Available DVD
Info and review provided by Blackhawk

The World in His Arms ****

1952 Gregory Peck, Anthony Quinn, Ann Blyth, John McIntire. San Francisco-based sealers operating against the law in Russian Alaska in the 1850s. A little known film, in spite of the stars, I saw this a long time ago on TV, and I enjoyed it. I had read the book when I was a teenager.
Available VHS (out of print)

Yankee Buccaneer

1952 Directed by Fredric De Cordova. Starring Jeff Chandler as Commander David Porter, Scott Brady as Lieutenant David Farragut, with David Jansson, James Parnell, and Jay Silverheels (Tonto from The Lone Ranger television series). It sounds like an entertaining “B” movie swashbuckler, although they’ve played fast and loose with historical names, and timelines.
Not available

Yellowbeard ****

1983 Monty Python goes to sea. Good fun. With Graham Chapman, Peter Boyle, Cheech Marin, Tommy Chong, Peter Cook, Marty Feldman, Eric Idle, Madeline Kahn, James Mason, John Cleese, Kenneth Mars, and Susannah York.
Available VHS (out of print)

 

 

 

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Submitted By JohnYawl on 18 Jan


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Elizabeth Taylor: Biography from Answers.com

January 28th, 2012

Dame Elizabeth RosemondLizTaylor, DBE (February 27, 1932 – March 23, 2011) was a British-American[2] actress. From her early years as a child star with MGM, she became one of the great screen actresses of Hollywood’s Golden Age. As one of the world’s most famous film stars, Taylor was recognized for her acting ability and for her glamorous lifestyle, beauty and distinctive violet eyes.

National Velvet (1944) was Taylor’s first success, and she starred in Father of the Bride (1950), A Place in the Sun (1951), Giant (1956), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), and Suddenly, Last Summer (1959). She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for BUtterfield 8 (1960), played the title role in Cleopatra (1963), and married her co-star Richard Burton. They appeared together in 11 films, including Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966), for which Taylor won a second Academy Award. From the mid-1970s, she appeared less frequently in film, and made occasional appearances in television and theatre.

Her much publicized personal life included eight marriages and several life-threatening illnesses. From the mid-1980s, Taylor championed HIV and AIDS programs; she co-founded the American Foundation for AIDS Research in 1985, and the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation in 1993. She received the Presidential Citizens Medal, the Legion of Honour, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award and a Life Achievement Award from the American Film Institute, who named her seventh on their list of the “Greatest American Screen Legends”. Taylor died of congestive heart failure in March 2011 at the age of 79, having suffered many years of ill health.

Early life

Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor was born at Heathwood, her parents’ home at 8 Wildwood Road in Hampstead Garden Suburb,[3][4][5] a northwestern suburb of London; the younger of two children of Francis Lenn Taylor (1897–1968) and Sara Viola Warmbrodt[6] (1895–1994), who were Americans residing in England. Taylor’s older brother, Howard Taylor, was born in 1929.[7] Her parents were originally from Arkansas City, Kansas. Francis Taylor was an art dealer, and Sara was a former actress whose stage name was “Sara Sothern”. Sothern retired from the stage in 1926 when she married Francis in New York City. Taylor’s two first names are in honor of her paternal grandmother, Elizabeth Mary (Rosemond) Taylor.

Colonel Victor Cazalet, one of their closest friends, had an important influence on the family. He was a rich, well-connected bachelor, a Member of Parliament and close friend of Winston Churchill. Cazalet loved both art and theater and was passionate when encouraging the Taylor family to think of England as their permanent home. Additionally, as a Christian Scientist and lay preacher, his links with the family were spiritual. He also became Elizabeth’s godfather. In one instance, when she was suffering with a severe infection as a child, she was kept in her bed for weeks. She “begged” for his company: “Mother, please call Victor and ask him to come and sit with me.”[8]:14

Biographer Alexander Walker suggests that Elizabeth’s conversion to Judaism at the age of 27 and her life-long support for Israel, may have been influenced by views she heard at home. Walker notes that Cazalet actively campaigned for a Jewish homeland, and her mother also worked in various charities, which included sponsoring fundraisers for Zionism. Her mother recalls the influence that Cazalet had on Elizabeth:

A dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States, she was born British, through her birth on British soil and an American citizen through her parents. She reportedly sought, in 1965, to renounce her United States citizenship, to wit: “Though never accepted by the State Department, Elizabeth renounced in 1965. Attempting to shield much of her European income from U.S. taxes, Elizabeth wished to become solely a British citizen. According to news reports at the time, officials denied her request when she failed to complete the renunciation oath, refusing to say that she renounced “all allegiance to the United States of America.”[9]

At the age of three, Taylor began taking ballet lessons. Shortly before the beginning of World War II, her parents decided to return to the United States to avoid hostilities. Her mother took the children first, arriving in New York in April 1939,[10] while her father remained in London to wrap up matters in his art business, arriving in November.[11] They settled in Los Angeles, California, where her father established a new art gallery, which included many paintings he shipped from England. The gallery would soon attract numerous Hollywood celebrities who appreciated its modern European paintings. According to Walker, the gallery “opened many doors for the Taylors, leading them directly into the society of money and prestige” within Hollywood’s movie colony.[8]:27

Acting career

Child actress

Soon after settling in Los Angeles, Taylor’s mother discovered that Hollywood people “habitually saw a movie future for every pretty face.” Some of her mother’s friends, and even total strangers, urged her to have Taylor screen tested for the role of Bonnie Blue, Scarlett’s child in Gone with the Wind, then being filmed. Her mother refused the idea, as a child actress in film was alien to her. And in any regard, they would return to England after the war.[8]:28

Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper introduced the Taylors to Andrea Berens, the fiancée of John Cheever Cowdin, chairman and major stockholder of Universal Pictures. Berens insisted that Sara take Taylor to see Cowden who, she assured, would be dazzled by her breathtaking beauty.[12]Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer also became interested in Taylor, and MGM head Louis B. Mayer reportedly told his producer, “Sign her up, sign her up! What are you waiting for?” As a result, she soon had both Universal and MGM willing to place her under contract. When Universal learned that MGM was equally interested, however, Cowden telephoned Universal from New York: “Sign her up, he ordered, don’t even wait for the screen test.” Universal then gave her a seven-year contract.[8]:31

Taylor appeared in her first motion picture at the age of nine in There’s One Born Every Minute (1942), her only film for Universal.[13] After less than a year, however, the studio fired Taylor for unknown reasons. Some speculate that she did not live up to Cowden’s promise. Walker believes that Taylor’s intuition told her “she wasn’t really welcome at Universal.” She learned, for instance, that her casting director complained, “The kid has nothing,” after a test. Even her beautiful eyes—they were a deep blue that appeared violet[14][15] and stunned those who met her in person,[16] with a mutation that gave Taylor double eyelashes[7][15]—did not impress him: “Her eyes are too old, she doesn’t have the face of a child,” he said.[8]:32 But Walker admits that “this was not so far off the mark as it may appear now.” He explains:

Taylor herself remembers that when she was a child in England, adults used to describe her as having an “old soul,” because, as she says, “I was totally direct.”[17] She also recognized similar traits in her baby daughter:

Taylor’s father served as an air raid warden with MGM producer Sam Marx, and learned that the studio was searching for an English actress for a Lassie film. Taylor received the role and was offered a long-term contract at the beginning of 1943.[18] She chose MGM because “the people there had been nicer to her when she went to audition,” Taylor recalled.[8]:32 MGM’s production chief, Benny Thau, was to remain the “only MGM executive” she fully trusted during subsequent years, because, writes Walker, “he had, out of kindly habit, made the gesture that showed her she was loved.”[8]:32 Thau remembered her as a “little dark-haired beauty…[with] those strange and lovely eyes that gave the face its central focus, oddly powerful in someone so young.”[8]:34 MGM, in addition, was considered a “glamorous studio,” boasting that it had “more stars than there are in heaven.” Before Taylor’s mother would sign the contract, however, she sought certainty that Taylor had a “God-given talent” to become an actress. Walker describes how they came to a decision:

Adolescent star

MGM cast Taylor in Lassie Come Home (1943) with child star Roddy McDowall, with whom she would share a lifelong friendship. He later recalled regarding her beauty, “who has double eyelashes except a girl who was absolutely born to be on the big screen?”[7] The film received favorable attention for both actors, and MGM signed Taylor to a conventional seven-year contract starting at $100 a week and with regular raises. Her first assignment under her new contract was a loan-out to 20th Century Fox for the character of Helen Burns in a film version of the Charlotte Brontë novel Jane Eyre (1944). Taylor returned to England to appear in another McDowall picture for MGM, The White Cliffs of Dover (1944).

Taylor’s persistence in seeking the role of Velvet Brown in MGM’s National Velvet made her a star at the age of 12. Her character is a young girl who trains her beloved horse to win the Grand National. Velvet, which costarred fellow young actor Mickey Rooney and English newcomer Angela Lansbury, became a great success upon its release in December 1944. Many years later Taylor called it “the most exciting film” she had ever made,[6] although the film caused many of her later back problems due to her falling off a horse during filming.[18]

Viewers and critics “fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor when they saw her in it.” Walker explains why the film was popular:

Velvet grossed over US$4 million and MGM signed Taylor to a new long-term contract. Because of the movie’s success she was cast in another animal film, Courage of Lassie (1946), in which Bill the dog outsmarts the Nazis. The film’s success led to another contract for Taylor paying her $750 per week. Her roles as Mary Skinner in a loan-out to Warner BrothersLife With Father (1947), Cynthia Bishop in Cynthia (1947), Carol Pringle in A Date with Judy (1948), and Susan Prackett in Julia Misbehaves (1948) were all successful. Taylor received a reputation as a consistently successful adolescent actress, with a nickname of “One-Shot Liz” (referring to her ability to shoot a scene in one take) and a promising career. Taylor’s portrayal of Amy in the American classic Little Women (1949) was her last adolescent role.

Transition into adult roles

The teenage Taylor was reluctant to continue making films. Her stage mother forced Taylor to relentlessly practice until she could cry on cue and watched her during filming, signaling to change her delivery or a mistake. Taylor met few others her age on movie sets, and was so poorly educated that she needed to use her fingers to do basic arithmetic. When at age 16 Taylor told her parents that she wanted to quit acting for a normal childhood, however, Sara Taylor told her that she was ungrateful: “You have a responsibility, Elizabeth. Not just to this family, but to the country now, the whole world”.[19]

In October 1948, Taylor sailed aboard the RMS Queen Mary to England to begin filming Conspirator. Unlike some other child actors, Taylor made an easy transition to adult roles.[6] Before Conspirators 1949 release, a TIME cover article called her “a jewel of great price, a true star sapphire”, and the leader among Hollywood’s next generation of stars such as Montgomery Clift, Kirk Douglas, and Ava Gardner.[20] The petite Taylor had the figure of a mature woman, with a 19″ waist.[19]Conspirator failed at the box office, but 16-year-old Taylor’s portrayal of a 21-year-old debutante who unknowingly marries a communist spy played by 38-year-old Robert Taylor, was praised by critics for her first adult lead in a film. Taylor’s first picture under her new salary of $2,000 per week was The Big Hangover (1950), both a critical and box office failure, that paired her with screen idol Van Johnson. The picture also failed to present Taylor with an opportunity to exhibit her newly realized sensuality.

Her first box office success in an adult role came as Kay Banks in the comedy Father of the Bride (1950), alongside Spencer Tracy and Joan Bennett. The film spawned a sequel, Father’s Little Dividend (1951), which Taylor’s costar Spencer Tracy summarized with “boring… boring… boring”. The film did well at the box office, but it would be Taylor’s next picture that would set the course for her career as a dramatic actress.

In late 1949, Taylor had begun filming George StevensA Place in the Sun. Upon its release in 1951, Taylor was hailed for her performance as Angela Vickers, a spoiled socialite who comes between George Eastman (Clift) and his poor, pregnant factory-working girlfriend Alice Tripp (Shelley Winters).[6] The film, based on Theodore Dreiser‘s novel, An American Tragedy, was an indictment of “the American dream” and its corrupting influences, notes biographer Kitty Kelley.[21]

Although Taylor, then only 17, was unaware of the psychological implications of the story and its powerful nuances, it became the pivotal performance of Taylor’s career. Kelley explains that Stevens, its director, knew that with Elizabeth Taylor as the young and beautiful star, the “audience would understand why George Eastman (Clift) would kill for a place in the sun with her.”[21] Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper, allowed on the set to watch the filming, became “wide-eyed watching the little girl from National Velvet seduce Montgomery Clift in front of the camera,” writes Kelley. When the scene was over, Hopper went to her, “Elizabeth, where on earth did you ever learn how to make love like that?”[21]

Critics acclaimed the film as a classic, a reputation it sustained throughout the next 50 years of cinema history. The New York Times A.H. Weiler wrote, “Elizabeth’s delineation of the rich and beauteous Angela is the top effort of her career”, and the Boxoffice reviewer unequivocally stated “Miss Taylor deserves an Academy Award“.

Taylor became increasingly unsatisfied with the roles being offered to her at the time. While she wanted to play the lead roles in The Barefoot Contessa and I’ll Cry Tomorrow, MGM continued to restrict her to mindless and somewhat forgettable films such as: a cameo as herself in Callaway Went Thataway (1951), Love Is Better Than Ever (1952), Ivanhoe (1952), The Girl Who Had Everything (1953) and Beau Brummel (1954). She had wanted to play the role of Lady Rowena in Ivanhoe, but the part was given to Joan Fontaine; Taylor was given the role of Rebecca. When Taylor became pregnant with her first child, MGM forced her through The Girl Who Had Everything (even adding two hours to her daily work schedule) so as to get one more film out of her before she became too heavily pregnant. Taylor lamented that she needed the money, as she had just bought a new house with second husband Michael Wilding and with a child on the way things would be pretty tight. Taylor had been forced by her pregnancy to turn down Elephant Walk (1954), though the role had been designed for her. Vivien Leigh, almost two decades Taylor’s senior, but to whom Taylor bore a striking resemblance, got the part and went to Ceylon to shoot on location. Leigh suffered a nervous breakdown during filming, and Taylor reclaimed the role after the birth of her child, Michael Wilding, Jr., in January 1953.[22]

Taylor’s next screen endeavor, Rhapsody (1954), another tedious romantic drama, proved equally frustrating. Taylor portrayed Louise Durant, a beautiful rich girl in love with a temperamental violinist (Vittorio Gassman) and an earnest young pianist (John Ericson). A film critic for the New York Herald Tribune wrote: “There is beauty in the picture all right, with Miss Taylor glowing into the camera from every angle… but the dramatic pretenses are weak, despite the lofty sentences and handsome manikin poses.”[citation needed]

Taylor’s fourth period picture, Beau Brummell, made just after Elephant Walk and Rhapsody, cast her as the elaborately costumed Lady Patricia, which many felt was only a screen prop—a ravishing beauty whose sole purpose was to lend romantic support to the film’s title star, Stewart Granger. The Last Time I Saw Paris (1954) fared only slightly better than her previous pictures, with Taylor being reunited with The Big Hangover costar Van Johnson. The role of Helen Ellsworth Willis was based on that of Zelda Fitzgerald and, although pregnant with her second child, Taylor went ahead with the film, her fourth in 12 months. Although proving somewhat successful at the box office, she still yearned for more substantial roles.[citation needed]

1955–79

Following a more substantial role opposite Rock Hudson and James Dean in George Stevens‘ epic Giant (1956), Taylor was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress four years in a row for Raintree County (1957)[23] opposite Montgomery Clift; Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958)[24] opposite Paul Newman; Suddenly, Last Summer (1959)[25] with Montgomery Clift, Katharine Hepburn and Mercedes McCambridge; and finally winning for BUtterfield 8 (1960).[26] The film co-starred then husband Eddie Fisher[6] and ended her contract, which Taylor said had made her an “MGM chattel” for 18 years.[27]

Suddenly, Last Summer’s success made Taylor among the top ten most successful actors at the box office, and she remained in the top ten almost every year for the next decade.[27] In 1960, Taylor became the highest paid actress up to that time when she signed a $1 million dollar contract to play the title role in 20th Century Fox‘s lavish production of Cleopatra,[25] which was released in 1963. During the filming, she began a romance with her future husband Richard Burton, who played Mark Antony in the film. The romance received much attention from the tabloid press, as both were married to other spouses at the time.[28] Taylor ultimately received $7 million for her role.[27]

Her second Academy Award, also for Best Actress in a Leading Role, was for her performance as Martha in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966),[29] playing opposite then husband Richard Burton. Taylor and Burton would appear together in six other films during the decade, among them The V.I.P.s (1963), The Sandpiper (1965), and The Taming of the Shrew (1967). By 1967 their films had earned $200 million at the box office. When Taylor and Burton considered not working for three months, the possibility caused alarm in Hollywood as “nearly half of the U.S. film industry’s income” came from movies starring one or both of them. Their next films Doctor Faustus (1967), The Comedians (1967) and Boom! (1968), however, all failed at the box office.[30]

Taylor appeared in John Huston‘s Reflections in a Golden Eye (1967) opposite Marlon Brando (replacing Clift,[31] who died before production began) and Secret Ceremony (1968) opposite Mia Farrow. By the end of the decade her box-office drawing power had considerably diminished, as evidenced by the failure of The Only Game in Town (1970), with Warren Beatty.[32]

Although limited by a “thin and inflexible voice”,[27] Taylor continued to star in numerous theatrical films throughout the 1970s, such as Zee and Co. (1972) with Michael Caine, Ash Wednesday (1973), The Blue Bird (1976) with Jane Fonda and Ava Gardner, and A Little Night Music (1977). With then-husband Richard Burton, she co-starred in the 1972 films Under Milk Wood and Hammersmith Is Out, and the 1973 made-for-TV movie Divorce His, Divorce Hers.

1980–2003

Taylor starred in the 1980 mystery film The Mirror Crack’d, based on an Agatha Christie novel. In 1985, she played movie gossip columnist Louella Parsons in the TV film Malice in Wonderland opposite Jane Alexander, who played Hedda Hopper. Taylor appeared in the miniseries North and South. Her last theatrical film was 1994′s The Flintstones.

In February 1996, she appeared on the TV program, The Nanny as herself, and the star of the show, Fran, identifies her to a friend by using all of her husbands’ names, stating that she would be meeting “Elizabeth Taylor-Hilton-Wilding-Todd-Fisher-Burton-Burton-Warner-Fortensky.” In 2001, she played an agent in the TV film These Old Broads. She appeared on a number of television series, including the soap operas General Hospital and All My Children, as well as the animated series The Simpsons—once as herself, and once as the voice of Maggie Simpson, uttering one word, “Daddy”.

Taylor also acted on the stage, making her Broadway and West End debuts in 1982 with a revival of Lillian Hellman‘s The Little Foxes. She was then in a production of Noël Coward‘s Private Lives (1983), in which she starred with her former husband, Richard Burton. The student-run Burton Taylor Theatre in Oxford was named for the famous couple after Burton appeared as Doctor Faustus in the Oxford University Dramatic Society (OUDS) production of the Marlowe play. Taylor played the ghostly, wordless Helen of Troy, who is entreated by Faustus to “make [him] immortal with a kiss”.[citation needed]

In the early 1980s, Taylor moved to Bel Air, Los Angeles, which was her residence until her death. She also owned homes in Palm Springs, London and Hawaii.

2003–11

In March 2003, Taylor declined to attend the 75th Annual Academy Awards, due to her opposition to the Iraq War.[33] She publicly condemned then President George W. Bush for calling on Saddam Hussein to leave Iraq, and said she feared the conflict would lead to “World War III“.[34]

The February 2007 issue of Interview magazine was devoted entirely to Taylor. It celebrated her life, career and her upcoming 75th birthday.

On December 1, 2007, Taylor acted on-stage again, appearing opposite James Earl Jones in a benefit performance of the A. R. Gurney play Love Letters. The event’s goal was to raise $1 million for Taylor’s AIDS foundation. Tickets for the show were priced at $2,500, and more than 500 people attended. The event happened to coincide with the 2007 Writers Guild of America strike and, rather than cross the picket line, Taylor requested a “one night dispensation.” The Writers Guild agreed not to picket the Paramount Pictures lot that night to allow for the performance.[35]

Personal life

Marriages, romances, and children

Taylor was married eight times to seven husbands. When asked why she married so often, she replied, “I don’t know, honey. It sure beats the hell out of me,”[6] but also said that, “I was taught by my parents that if you fall in love, if you want to have a love affair, you get married. I guess I’m very old-fashioned.”[18] Taylor’s husbands were:

  • Conrad “Nicky” Hilton (May 6, 1950 – January 29, 1951): Taylor believed that she was in love with the young hotel heir, but also wanted to escape her mother. MGM staff designed Taylor’s wedding dress and honeymoon outfits.[19] Hilton’s “gambling, drinking, and abusive behavior”,[27] however, horrified her and her parents, caused a miscarriage, and ended the marriage in divorce after nine months.[6][19]
  • Michael Wilding (February 21, 1952 – January 26, 1957): The “gentle” Wilding, 20 years older than Taylor, comforted her after leaving Hilton.[27][6] After their divorce Taylor admitted that “I gave him rather a rough time, sort of henpecked him and probably wasn’t mature enough for him.”[19]
  • Michael Todd (February 2, 1957 – March 22, 1958): Todd’s death ended Taylor’s only marriage not to result in divorce. Although their relationship was tumultuous, she later called him one of the three loves of her life, along with Burton and jewelry.[36][6]
  • Eddie Fisher (May 12, 1959 – March 6, 1964): Fisher, Todd’s best friend, consoled Taylor after Todd’s death. They began an affair while Fisher was still married to Debbie Reynolds, causing a scandal;[6] Taylor outraged columnist Hopper by telling her, “Well, Mike is dead and I’m alive…What do you expect me to do? Sleep alone?”[37]:226 Reynolds eventually forgave Taylor; she voted for her when Taylor was nominated for an Oscar for BUtterfield 8, and starred with her in These Old Broads.[18]
  • Richard Burton (March 15, 1964 – June 26, 1974): The Vatican condemned Burton and Taylor’s affair, which began when both were married to others, as “erotic vagrancy”.[27] The press closely followed their relationship before, during, and after their ten years of marriage, due to great public interest in “the most famous film star in the world and the man many believed to be the finest classical actor of his generation.” Taylor wanted to focus on her marriage rather than her career, and gained weight in an unsuccessful attempt to not receive film roles.[6]
  • Richard Burton (October 10, 1975 – July 29, 1976): Sixteen months after divorcing—Burton said, “You can’t keep clapping a couple of sticks [of dynamite] together without expecting them to blow up”[27]—they remarried in a private ceremony in Kasane, Botswana, but soon separated and redivorced in 1976. Burton disagreed with others about her famed beauty, acknowledging her “wonderful eyes” but saying that calling her “the most beautiful woman in the world is absolute nonsense. She has…a double chin and an overdeveloped chest, and she’s rather short in the leg.”[6] He stated, however, that when he first saw Taylor in 1952, “She was unquestionably gorgeous. I can think of no other word to describe a combination of plentitude, frugality, abundance, tightness. She was lavish. She was a dark unyielding largesse. She was, in short, too bloody much.”[30]
  • John Warner (December 4, 1976 – November 7, 1982): As with Burton, Taylor sought to be known as the wife of her husband, a Republican[38][39][40]United States Senator from Virginia. Unhappy with her life in Washington,[41] however, Taylor became depressed and entered the Betty Ford Clinic.[6]
  • Larry Fortensky (October 6, 1991 – October 31, 1996): Taylor and Fortensky met during another stay at the Betty Ford Clinic and were married at the Neverland Ranch.[6]

Taylor had many romances outside her marriages. Before marrying Hilton she was engaged to both Heisman Trophy winner Glenn Davis—who did not know until the relationship ended that Taylor’s mother had encouraged it to build publicity for her daughter[19]—and the son of William D. Pawley, the United States Ambassador to Brazil.[20]Howard Hughes promised Taylor’s parents that if they would encourage her to marry him, the enormously wealthy industrialist and film producer would finance a movie studio for her; Sara Taylor agreed, but Taylor refused.[19] After she left Hilton, Hughes returned, proposing to Taylor by suddenly landing a helicopter nearby and sprinkling diamonds on her.[42] Other dates included Frank Sinatra, Henry Kissinger, and Malcolm Forbes.[27] In 2007, Taylor denied rumors of a ninth marriage to her partner Jason Winters,[43] but referred to him as “one of the most wonderful men I’ve ever known.”[44]

Taylor had two sons, Michael Howard (born January 6, 1953) and Christopher Edward (born February 27, 1955), with Michael Wilding. She had a daughter, Elizabeth Frances “Liza” (born August 6, 1957), with Michael Todd. During her marriage to Eddie Fisher, Taylor started proceedings to adopt a two-year-old girl from Germany, Maria (born August 1, 1961); the adoption process was finalized in 1964 following their divorce.[45] Richard Burton later adopted Taylor’s daughters Liza and Maria.[46]

In 1971, Taylor became a grandmother at the age of 39. At the time of her death, she was survived by her four children, ten grandchildren, and four great-grandchildren.[47]

Religion and identity

In 1959, at age 27, after nine months of study, Taylor converted from Christian Science to Judaism,[48] taking the Hebrew name Elisheba Rachel. She stated that her conversion was something she had long considered and was not related to her marriages. After Mike Todd‘s death, Taylor said that she “felt a desperate need for a formalized religion,” and explained that neither Catholicism nor Christian Science were able to address many of the “questions she had about life and death.”[7]:175

Biographer Randy Taraborrelli notes that after studying the philosophy of Judaism for nine months, “she felt an immediate connection to the faith.”[7]:176 Although Taylor rarely attended synagogue, she stated, “I’m one of those people who think you can be close to God anywhere, not just in a place designed for worship . . . “[7]:176 At the conversion ceremony, with her parents present as witnesses and in full support of her decision, Taylor repeated the words of Ruth:

. . . for whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge; thy people shall be my people and thy God my God.[7]:176

Taylor was a follower of Kabbalah and a member of the Kabbalah Centre.[1]

During an interview when she was 55, she describes how her inner sense of identity, when a child actress, kept her from giving in to many of the studio’s demands, especially with regard to altering her appearance to fit in:

She adds that she began to recognize her “inner being” during her adulthood:

Jewelry, perfume and fashion

Taylor had a passion for jewelry, stating that “You can’t cry on a diamond’s shoulder, and diamonds won’t keep you warm at night, but they’re sure fun when the sun shines”. At her death, Taylor’s jewelry collection was reportedly worth $150 million.[36][49] She was a client of jewelry designer Shlomo Moussaieff. Over the years she owned a number of well-known pieces, two of the most famous being the 33.19-carat (6.64 g) Krupp Diamond, which Taylor wore daily,[27] and the 69.42-carat (13.88 g) pear-shaped Taylor-Burton Diamond; both were among many gifts from husband Richard Burton. Taylor also owned the 50-carat (10 g) La Peregrina Pearl, purchased by Burton as a Valentine’s Day present in 1969. The pearl was formerly owned by Mary I of England, and Burton sought a portrait of Queen Mary wearing the pearl. Upon the purchase of such a painting, the Burtons discovered that the British National Portrait Gallery did not have an original painting of Mary, so they donated the painting to the Gallery.[50][51] Her enduring collection of jewelry has been documented in her book My Love Affair with Jewelry (2002) with photographs by the New York photographer John Bigelow Taylor.

At her death Taylor left an estate estimated at $600 million to $1 billion; beyond the $150 million in jewelry, she owned $130 million in real estate. Taylor was a pioneer in marketing a celebrity merchandise brand, and despite her years as an actress, most of Taylor’s wealth came from her business ventures.[49] She designed fine jewelry for The Elizabeth Collection, and launched three perfumes, “White Diamonds”, “Passion”, and “Passion for Men”, which together had an estimated US$69 million in 2010 sales.[52]

Taylor was a fashion icon during her years as an active film star. In addition to her own purchases, MGM costumers Edith Head and Helen Rose helped Taylor choose clothes that emphasized her face, chest, and waist. Taylor helped popularize Valentino and Halston‘s designs,[53] and in the 1980s Schering-Plough developed violet contact lenses, citing Taylor’s eyes as inspiration.[54]

Activism

HIV/AIDS

Taylor devoted consistent and generous humanitarian time, advocacy efforts, and funding to HIV and AIDS-related projects and charities, helping to raise more than $270 million for the cause. She was one of the first celebrities and public personalities to do so at a time when few acknowledged the disease, organizing and hosting the first AIDS fundraiser in 1984, to benefit AIDS Project Los Angeles.[27][55]

Taylor was cofounder of the American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR) with Dr. Michael Gottlieb and Dr. Mathilde Krim in 1985.[55] Her longtime friend and former co-star Rock Hudson had disclosed having AIDS and died of it that year. She also founded the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation (ETAF) in 1993, created to provide critically needed support services for people with HIV/AIDS.[55] For example, in 2006 Taylor commissioned a 37-foot (11 m) “Care Van” equipped with examination tables and xray equipment, the New Orleans donation made by her Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation and Macy’s.[56][57] That year, in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, she also donated US$40,000 to the NO/AIDS Task Force, a non-profit organization serving the community of those affected by HIV/AIDS in and around New Orleans.[57]

Taylor was honored with a special Academy Award, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, in 1992 for her HIV/AIDS humanitarian work. Speaking of that work, former President Bill Clinton said at her death, “Elizabeth’s legacy will live on in many people around the world whose lives will be longer and better because of her work and the ongoing efforts of those she inspired.”[58]

Jewish causes

After her conversion to Judaism, Taylor worked for Jewish causes throughout her life.[59] In 1959, her large-scale purchase of Israeli Bonds caused Arab boycotts of her films.[60] In 1962, she was barred from entering Egypt to complete Cleopatra; its government announced that “that Miss Taylor will not be allowed to come to Egypt because she has adopted the Jewish faith and ‘supports Israeli causes.’” In 1974, Taylor and Richard Burton considered marrying in Israel, but could not because Burton was not Jewish.[61] Taylor helped to raise money for organizations such as the Jewish National Fund; advocated for the right of Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel and canceled a visit to the USSR because of its condemnation of Israel due to the Six-Day War; signed a letter protesting the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 of 1975; and offered herself as a replacement hostage during the 1976 Entebbe skyjacking.[60]

Illnesses and death

Taylor struggled with health problems much of her life;[62] starting with her divorce from Hilton, Taylor experienced serious medical issues whenever she faced problems in her personal life.[19] Taylor was hospitalized more than 70 times[27] and had at least 20 major operations.[18] Many times newspaper headlines erroneously announced that Taylor was close to death;[6] she herself only claimed to have almost died on four occasions.[27]

At 5’4″, Taylor constantly gained and lost significant amounts of weight, reaching both 119 pounds and 180 pounds in the 1980s.[63][41] She smoked cigarettes into her mid-fifties,[63] and feared she had lung cancer in October 1975 after an X-ray showed spots on her lungs, but was later found not to have the disease.[64] Taylor broke her back five times, had both her hips replaced, had a hysterectomy, suffered from dysentery and phlebitis, punctured her esophagus, survived a benign brain tumor operation in 1997[27][18] and skin cancer, and faced life-threatening bouts with pneumonia twice, one in 1961 requiring an emergency tracheotomy. In 1983 she admitted to having been addicted to sleeping pills and painkillers for 35 years.[18] Taylor was treated for alcoholism and prescription drug addiction at the Betty Ford Clinic for seven weeks from December 1983 to January 1984,[65] and again from the autumn of 1988 until early 1989.[66]

On May 30, 2006, Taylor appeared on Larry King Live to refute the claims that she had been ill, and denied the allegations that she was suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and was close to death.[67] Near the end of her life, however, she was reclusive and sometimes failed to make scheduled appearances due to illness or other personal reasons. She used a wheelchair and when asked about it stated that she had osteoporosis and was born with scoliosis.[68]

The mutation that gave Taylor her striking double eyelashes may also have contributed to her history of heart trouble.[15] In November 2004, Taylor announced a diagnosis of congestive heart failure, a progressive condition in which the heart is too weak to pump sufficient blood throughout the body, particularly to the lower extremities such as the ankles and feet. In 2009 she underwent cardiac surgery to replace a leaky valve.[69] In February 2011, new symptoms related to heart failure caused her to be admitted into Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles for treatment,[70] where she remained until her death at age 79 on March 23, 2011, surrounded by her four children.[47][69]

She was buried in a private Jewish ceremony, presided over by Rabbi Jerry Cutler, the day after she died, at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California. Taylor is entombed in the Great Mausoleum, where public access to her tomb is restricted.[71] At her request, the funeral began 15 minutes after it was scheduled to begin; as her representative told the media “She even wanted to be late for her own funeral.”[72]

Legacy

Taylor has been called the “greatest movie star of all,” writes biographer William J. Mann.[37]:2 A child star at the age of 12, she soon after launched into public awareness by MGM and a string of successful films, many of which are today considered “classics.” Her resulting celebrity made her into a Hollywood icon, as she set the “gold standard” for Hollywood fame, and “created the model for stardom,” adds Mann.[37]:3

Other observers, such as social critic Camille Paglia, similarly describe Taylor as “the greatest actress in film history,” partly as a result of the “liquid realm of emotion” she expressed on screen. Paglia describes the effect Taylor had in some of her films:

Taylor had a major role in sparking the sexual revolution of the 1960s, as she pushed the envelope on sexuality: She was one of the first major stars to pose (mostly) nude in Playboy, and among the first to remove her clothes onscreen.[37]:5 In A Place in the Sun, filmed when she was 17, her surprising maturity shocked Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper, who wrote of her precocious sexuality. Film historian Andrew Sarris describes her love scenes in the film with Montgomery Clift as “unnerving—sybaritic—like gorging on chocolate sundaes.”[37]:6

In real life, she was considered “a star without airs,” notes Mann. Writer Gloria Steinem likewise described her as a “movie queen with no ego . . . expert at what she does, uncatty in her work relationships with other actresses.”[37]:7Mike Nichols, who directed her in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966), said that of all the actors he’s worked with, Taylor had the “most democratic soul.” Mann adds that she treated electricians and studio crew the “same way she would a Rothschild at a charity gala.”[37]:6 Director George Cukor told Taylor that she possessed “that rarest of virtues—simple kindness.”[37]:7

Awards and honors

Taylor won two Academy Awards for Best Actress, for her performance in BUtterfield 8 in 1960, and for Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? in 1966. Additionally, she received the Jean Herscholt Humanitarian Academy Award in 1992 for her work fighting AIDS.

In 1997, Taylor was honored by the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) with the Life Achievement Award.[73] As Taylor could not be in attendance, Gregory Peck read the following statement on her behalf:

I’m so disappointed that I can’t be there with all of you tonight. Please know that I am watching. And this award is especially important to me because it’s given by my peers. Not only for my first career, acting – but, for what has now become my life, the eradication of the AIDS epidemic.

As we all know, ours was one of the first industries to be directly and dramatically affected by the AIDS epidemic. And it’s heartening to me that this community has risen to the challenge. And the foundation of the Screen Actors Guild, of which I’m so proud to be a member, is no exception having made a very generous donation to the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation. Thank you all for honoring me tonight.

Love, Elizabeth.[73]

Taylor received the French Legion of Honour in 1987,[18] and in 2000 was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire.[74] In 2001, she received a Presidential Citizens Medal for her humanitarian work, most notably for helping to raise more than $200 million for AIDS research and bringing international attention and resources to addressing the epidemic.[73] Taylor was inducted into the California Hall of Fame in 2007.[75]

Books

Taylor was the subject of at least 53 books as of 2006;[12]Kitty Kelley wrote the first unauthorized biography of the actress in 1981, which Taylor denounced. She never wrote a comprehensive autobiography due to her desire for privacy, but did publish several books besides My Love Affair with Jewelry. Taylor’s first, Nibbles and Me (1946), discussed the child star’s “adventures with her pet chipmunk”. Reviewers criticized another, Elizabeth Taylor (1964), for being uninteresting and lacking in new information. She received a $750,000 advance payment for Elizabeth Takes Off: On Weight Gain, Weight Loss, Self-Image and Self-Esteem (1988).[76]

Filmography

Notes

  1. ^ a b Ravitz, Jessica (March 24, 2011). “Exploring Elizabeth Taylor’s Jewish conversion”. CNN. http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/24/making-sense-of-elizabeth-taylors-jewish-conversion. Retrieved March 25, 2011. 
  2. ^ “ELIZABETH TAYLOR STILL U.S. CITIZEN; Officials Term Her Use of British Passport Legal”. New York Times. January 10, 1965. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0710FE3F5812738DDDA90994D9405B858AF1D3&ref=elizabethtaylor. Retrieved April 21, 2011. 
  3. ^ “Watch out, boys.?.?.?Liz Taylor’s coming home”. Associated Newspapers Ltd. Daily Mail Online. May 17, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
  4. ^ “Elizabeth Taylor – the Hampstead girl who seduced the world” London Evening Standard. March 24, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
  5. ^ “Hampstead Garden Suburb born Dame Elizabeth Taylor dies aged 79“. Times of London. March 24, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Gussow, Mel (March 23, 2011). “Elizabeth Taylor, 1932–2011: A Lustrous Pinnacle of Hollywood Glamour”. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/24/movies/elizabeth-taylor-obituary.html. Retrieved March 23, 2011. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Taraborrelli, J. Randy (2006). Elizabeth. Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 9780446532549. http://books.google.com/books?id=ScE8F_pMuAAC. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Walker, Alexander (1990). Elizabeth: the life of Elizabeth Taylor. London: G. Weidenfeld. ISBN 978-0802113351. 
  9. ^ Elizabeth Taylor failed to renounce U.S. citizenship. Mental Floss. https://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/54863 
  10. ^ S.S. Manhattan, April 27, 1939, sheet 25. Ancestry.com. New York Passenger Lists, 1820–1957 [database on-line]. Provo, Utah, US: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.
  11. ^ S.S. President Roosevelt, November 1, 1939, sheet 209. New York Passenger Lists, 1820–1957 [database on-line]. Provo, Utah, US: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.
  12. ^ a b Bayard, Louis (September 3, 2006). “Violet Eyes To Die For”. Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/31/AR2006083101166.html. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
  13. ^ Heymann, David C. Liz: An Intimate Biography of Elizabeth Taylor, Birch Lane Press (1995), p. 33
  14. ^ Harper’s Bazaar, Nov. 1979
  15. ^ a b c Palmer, Roxanne (March 25, 2005). “Elizabeth Taylor: Beautiful Mutant”. Slate. http://www.slate.com/blogs/blogs/browbeat/archive/2011/03/25/elizabeth-taylor-beautiful-mutant.aspx. Retrieved March 26, 2011. 
  16. ^ McCarthy, Todd (March 23, 2011). “THR Chief Film Critic Todd McCarthy Remembers Elizabeth Taylor”. The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/thr-chief-film-critic-todd-170552. Retrieved March 27, 2011. 
  17. ^ a b c d “Elizabeth Taylor: The Lost Interview”, Rolling Stone magazine, April 14, 2011 (never published interview from 1987)
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Coyle, Jake (March 24, 2011). “Quintessential star Elizabeth Taylor dies at 79″. Associated Press. http://www.salon.com/wires/allwires/2011/03/24/D9M5H14G0_us_obit_taylor/. Retrieved March 30, 2011. 
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h Taraborrelli, J. Randy (March 29, 2011). “The brutal mother who forced Liz Taylor to cry on cue… and drove her into the arms of a wife-beater”. Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-1370903/Elizabeth-Taylors-brutal-mother-Sara-forced-cue.html. Retrieved April 21, 2011. 
  20. ^ a b “Elizabeth Taylor: Star Rising”. TIME. August 22, 1949. http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,800624,00.html. Retrieved March 23, 2011. 
  21. ^ a b c Kelley, Kitty. Elizabeth Taylor, the Last Star, Simon and Schuster (1981) pp. 34–41
  22. ^ “Elizabeth Taylor Dead at 79″. NewsFlavor. March 23, 2011. http://newsflavor.com/entertainment/elizabeth-taylor-dead-at-79/. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  23. ^ Parish, p. 329
  24. ^ Parish, p. 330
  25. ^ a b Parish, p. 331
  26. ^ Parish, p. 333
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Woo, Elaine (March 24, 2011). “Elizabeth Taylor dies at 79; legendary actress”. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-elizabeth-taylorlong-20110324,0,3017190,full.story. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
  28. ^ Parrish, pp. 335–336
  29. ^ Parish, p. 344
  30. ^ a b Kashner, Sam; Schoenberger, Nancy (July 2010). “A Love Too Big To Last”. Vanity Fair. http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/features/2010/07/elizabeth-taylor-201007?currentPage=all. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  31. ^ Parish, p. 343
  32. ^ Parish, p. 350
  33. ^ David Badash. “Elizabeth Taylor, Gay Icon, HIV/AIDS Activist, Dies At 79″. The New Civil Rights Movement. http://thenewcivilrightsmovement.com/elizabeth-taylor-gay-icon-hivaids-activist-dies-at-79/media/2011/03/23/18211. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  34. ^ “Elizabeth Taylor – Dame Liz Slams Bush Over Saddam Ultimatum – Contactmusic News”. Contactmusic.com. http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/story/dame-liz-slams-bush-over-saddam-ultimatum-. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  35. ^ “Striking writers give Elizabeth Taylor a pass”. Associated Press. CNN. December 2, 2007. Archived from the original on December 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071203112813/http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/12/02/elizabeth.taylor.ap/index.html. Retrieved December 2, 2007. 
  36. ^ a b Frankel, Susannah (March 25, 2011). “‘Fun when the sun shines’”. The Independent (UK). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/elizabeth-taylor-a-life-less-ordinary-2252366.html. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i Mann, William J. (2009). How to be a movie star: Elizabeth Taylor in Hollywood. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0547134649. http://books.google.com/books?id=-8Lh_2ZP-qoC. 
  38. ^ “Elizabeth Taylor at Republican Women’s Club, 1978″. Richmond Times-Dispatch. March 23, 2011. http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2011/mar/23/elizabeth-taylor-at-republican-womens-club-im-93558/. Retrieved March 26, 2011. 
  39. ^ Rosenfeld, Megan (October 23, 1978). “Miller, Warner meet in Lynchburg in bid for fundamentalist vote”. The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/15/AR2007051501221.html. Retrieved March 26, 2011. 
  40. ^ Klairmont, Laura (March 23, 2011). “Elizabeth Taylor was an icon in Washington”. CNN. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/23/elizabeth-taylor-was-an-icon-in-washington/?hpt=Sbin. Retrieved March 26, 2011. 
  41. ^ a b Tanabe, Karin (March 24, 2011). “ELIZABETH TAYLOR’S WASHINGTON LIFE”. Politico. http://www.politico.com/click/stories/1103/elizabeth_taylors_washington_life.html. Retrieved April 3, 2011. 
  42. ^ Woo, Elaine (March 23, 2011). “Elizabeth Taylor’s obituary: outtakes from a 12-year work in progress”. Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/afterword/2011/03/elizabeth-taylors-obit-outtakes-from-a-12-year-work-in-progress.html. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
  43. ^ “Taylor ‘not planning ninth wedding’”. Ireland On-Line. June 21, 2010. http://breakingnews.iol.ie/entertainment/story.asp?j=233161442&p=z33y6zy48. Retrieved March 24, 2011. 
  44. ^ Liz Smith (September 12, 2007). “Elizabeth Taylor has a new man”. Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117971903.html. Retrieved April 12, 2010. 
  45. ^ Sheila Marikar (March 28, 2011). “Elizabeth Taylor’s Unseen Role: Mother”. ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/elizabeth-taylors-unseen-role-mother/story?id=13223481. Retrieved April 20, 2011. 
  46. ^ “Q&A: An update on Elizabeth Taylor’s four children”. St. Petersburg Times. January 12, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/qampa-an-update-on-elizabeth-taylors-four-children/1064792. Retrieved April 20, 2011. 
  47. ^ a b Sheila Marikar (March 23, 2011). “Hollywood Icon Elizabeth Taylor Dies at 79″. ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/hollywood-icon-elizabeth-taylor-dies-79/story?id=12894882. Retrieved March 23, 2011. 
  48. ^ Ivry, Benjamin (March 23, 2011). “A Jew by Choice: Elizabeth Taylor, 1932–2011″. The Forward. http://www.forward.com/articles/136447/. Retrieved March 25, 2011. 
  49. ^ a b “Elizabeth Taylor’s fortune may approach $1B”. CBS News. March 26, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/03/26/earlyshow/saturday/main20047484.shtml. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
  50. ^ “Elizabeth Taylor”. Divasthesite.com. Archived from the original on January 3, 2010. http://replay.waybackmachine.org/20100103092117/http://divasthesite.com/Acting_Divas/Trivia/Trivia_Elizabeth_Taylor.htm. 
  51. ^ “NPG 4861; Queen Mary I”. Npg.org.uk. http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/portrait.asp?search=ss&sText=queen+mary+i&LinkID=mp02995&rNo=2&role=sit. Retrieved April 12, 2010. 
  52. ^ Nakashima, Ryan (March 26, 2011). “Taylor estate will earn dollars from scents”. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9M70HVO0.htm. Retrieved April 1, 2011. 
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References

Further reading

External links

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